• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张绍文, 何巧林, 王海月, 蒋明金, 李应洪, 严奉君, 杨志远, 孙永健, 郭翔, 马均. 控制灌溉条件下施氮量对杂交籼稻F优498氮素利用效率及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17105
引用本文: 张绍文, 何巧林, 王海月, 蒋明金, 李应洪, 严奉君, 杨志远, 孙永健, 郭翔, 马均. 控制灌溉条件下施氮量对杂交籼稻F优498氮素利用效率及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17105
ZHANG Shao-wen, HE Qiao-lin, WANG Hai-yue, JIANG Ming-jin, LI Ying-hong, YAN Feng-jun, YANG Zhi-yuan, SUN Yong-jian, GUO Xiang, MA Jun. Effects of nitrogen application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of indica hybrid rice F You498 under controlled intermittent irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17105
Citation: ZHANG Shao-wen, HE Qiao-lin, WANG Hai-yue, JIANG Ming-jin, LI Ying-hong, YAN Feng-jun, YANG Zhi-yuan, SUN Yong-jian, GUO Xiang, MA Jun. Effects of nitrogen application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of indica hybrid rice F You498 under controlled intermittent irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1): 82-94. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17105

控制灌溉条件下施氮量对杂交籼稻F优498氮素利用效率及产量的影响

Effects of nitrogen application rates on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of indica hybrid rice F You498 under controlled intermittent irrigation

  • 摘要:
    目的 阐明控制灌溉条件下施氮量对杂交籼稻氮素利用效率及产量的影响,以期为杂交籼稻制定科学合理的灌溉方式和氮肥施用技术提供理论依据。
    方法 2015—2016年,以超级杂交稻F优498为供试材料,采用单因素随机区组设计,在控制性灌溉方式下设置5个施氮水平处理为N 0、90、135、180和225 kg/hm2,调查了主要生育期水稻生长状况和氮素吸收及转运量。
    结果 1) 控制灌溉条件下施氮量对水稻产量及氮素利用效率影响显著。在施N 0~180 kg/hm2范围内,水稻产量及灌溉水生产力随施氮量增加而提高,超过此范围则下降。2015年和2016年试验产量分别在施氮量为180 kg/hm2和135 kg/hm2时达到最大值,与土壤肥力和温光条件密切相关。2) 随着施氮量增加,成熟期水稻氮素积累量逐渐增加,氮肥回收利用率、氮肥农学利用率和氮收获指数先增加后降低,而氮肥偏生产力、氮素生产效率、氮肥干物质生产效率和土壤氮素依存率则逐渐降低。氮肥回收利用率与产量呈极显著正相关 (r = 0.92**),施氮量为135 kg/hm2时,2015年和2016年试验中氮肥回收利用率均达到最大值。3) 相关分析表明,控制灌溉条件下,抽穗期叶面积指数、高效叶面积指数、总根长、根表面积和根体积等与产量呈显著或极显著正相关,表明控制灌溉下适宜的施氮量能够促进地上部与地下部协同生长,有利于高产群体的构建。
    结论 从两年的水稻产量和氮素利用效率来看,控制灌溉条件下,根据土壤肥力和温光条件,杂交籼稻F优498氮肥用量以135~180 kg/hm2为宜。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Effects of different nitrogen (N) rates on grain yield and nitrogen absorption and utilization of indica hybrid rice under the controlled intermittent irrigation were studied with expectations for providing theoretical basis for rational use of irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizer in indica hybrid rice.
    Methods A single-factor random block experiment based on 5 nitrogen rates (0, 90, 135, 180 and 225 kg/hm2) with the combination of the controlled intermittent irrigation and super indica hybrid rice F You498 as material was conducted in 2015 and 2016. The nitrogen absorption and translocation amounts and growing indices of rice were measured at the main growing stages.
    Results 1) Nitrogen application had significant effects on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice, and the grain yield and irrigation water use efficiency were increased with the increase of N application level from 0 to 180 kg/hm2, and then decreased when the N application level was further increased. The highest grain yields in 2015 and 2016 were obtained at the N application rates of 180 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2, respectively, which were closely related to the soil fertility and temperature-light condition. 2) With the increase of N application rate, the N accumulation at the mature stage was increased gradually, and the N recovery efficiency (NRE), N agronomic efficiency (NAE) as well as the N harvest index (NHI) were first increased and then decreased. However, the N partial factor productivity (NPP), N production efficiency (NPE), N dry matter production efficiency (NMPE) and soil N dependent rate (SDNR) were decreased gradually. There was a significant positive correlation between NRE and grain yield (r = 0.92**), and the highest NRE could be obtained at the N application rate of 135 kg/hm2. 3) Correlation analysis indicated that the grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with leaf area index (LAI), high valid LAI, total root length (TRL), total root surface area (TRSA) and total root volume (TRV). The appropriate N application rate under controlled intermittent irrigation could facilitate the cooperative growth of aboveground and underground part, which was beneficial to construct the high-yielding population.
    Conclusions With the consideration of high grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency, based on the soil fertility and temperature-light condition, the optimal N application rate of indica hybrid rice F You498 under the controlled intermittent irrigation condition should be about 135–180 kg/hm2.

     

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