• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张亚琴, 雷飞益, 陈雨, 李思佳, 窦明明, 马留辉, 石峰, 陈兴福. 锌硼钼配施对川白芷药材农艺性状与产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(3): 769-778. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17445
引用本文: 张亚琴, 雷飞益, 陈雨, 李思佳, 窦明明, 马留辉, 石峰, 陈兴福. 锌硼钼配施对川白芷药材农艺性状与产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(3): 769-778. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17445
ZHANG Ya-qin, LEI Fei-yi, CHEN Yu, LI Si-jia, DOU Ming-ming, MA Liu-hui, SHI Feng, CHEN Xing-fu. Effect of combined fertilization of zinc, boron and molybdenum on agronomic traits and yield of Angelica dahurica[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(3): 769-778. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17445
Citation: ZHANG Ya-qin, LEI Fei-yi, CHEN Yu, LI Si-jia, DOU Ming-ming, MA Liu-hui, SHI Feng, CHEN Xing-fu. Effect of combined fertilization of zinc, boron and molybdenum on agronomic traits and yield of Angelica dahurica[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(3): 769-778. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17445

锌硼钼配施对川白芷药材农艺性状与产量的影响

Effect of combined fertilization of zinc, boron and molybdenum on agronomic traits and yield of Angelica dahurica

  • 摘要:
    目的 川白芷道地产区遂宁的紫色土有效态养分中缺硼和较缺锌、钼,成为川白芷优质高产的限制因子之一。本研究旨在探索锌、硼、钼三种微量元素肥料对遂宁地区川白芷药材的农艺性状和产量的影响,找出适合遂宁地区川白芷的微肥配施方案。
    方法 采用三元二次正交旋转组合设计进行田间试验,在川白芷生长旺盛期前分3次进行锌、硼、钼微肥叶面喷施处理,2015年7月采收,分别测定药材的农艺性状和产量。使用DPS软件解析数据建立了锌、硼、钼与川白芷药材农艺性状和产量的函数模型,通过F检验,分析了回归方程和各项回归系数的显著性,利用模型分析了微量元素肥料对根折干率、根密度、根体积、根长、根直径及产量的影响,使用统计频数法和灰色关联度和DTOPSIS法综合各项指标获得最优施肥方案。
    结果 施用锌、硼、钼微肥可影响川白芷药材根部农艺性状,并显著影响其产量,且因素间存在显著的协同效应和抑制效应。单因素分析结果表明,本研究施肥水平下各因素对根折干率、根体积、根长、根直径和产量的影响大小为钼>锌>硼,对根密度的影响大小为硼>锌>钼。在一定范围内,钼能增加根体积、降低根密度,锌能增加根直径,硼抑制根密度和根长。互作效应分析结果表明,锌肥和硼肥互作、锌肥和钼肥互作对产量增加存在显著的抑制效应,锌肥和钼肥互作抑制根体积,钼肥和硼肥互作抑制根密度。根据统计频数法优化出锌肥0.0305~0.0960 kg/hm2、硼肥1.0270~1.7928 kg/hm2、钼肥0.1354~0.1774 kg/hm2的最佳施肥配方,利用灰色关联度和DTOPSIS法综合获得使用锌肥0.06 kg/hm2、硼肥2.28 kg/hm2、钼肥0.17 kg/hm2下产量最高,较对照增加了44.4%。
    结论 锌、硼、钼三种微肥配合施用对川白芷增产有显著的效果,但是需要适量施用,过量施用对产量会产生抑制效果。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives In Suining City, the genuine producing area of Angelica dahurica, the soils are defficient in available zinc, molybdenum and extremely defficient in boron, which is considered as one of the key factor to limit the production of Angelica dahurica. This experiment aimed to search the effect of combined application of zinc (Zn), boron (B) and molybdenum (Mo) fertilizers and work out an optimum micronutrient solution for A. dahurica growing in Suining areas.
    Methods A field experiment with quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design was conducted in the purple soil of Suining, Sichuan Province. The mixed solutions of Zn, B and Mo fertilizers were foliar sprayed for 3 times before the vigorous growth period of A. dahurica. The agronomic traits and yield were measured after harvest in July 2015. The function models of three factors (Zn, B, Mo) on agronomic traits and yields of A. dahurica were established with the DPS software. The significance of the regression coefficient and regression equation was tested using F test. The effects of trace element fertilizers on drying rate, root density, root volume, root length, root diameter and yield of A. dahurica were analyzed using the regression equation model. The statistical frequency method and gray related degree-DTOPSIS method were applied to get the optimal fertilization program.
    Results The application of Zn, B and Mo fertilizers significantly influenced the agronomic traits and yield of A. dahurica, and there were significant synergistic and antagonistic effects between the factors. Univariate analysis showed that the single factor impaction on root dry percentage, root volume, root length, root diameter and yield under the tested fertilization levels was Mo>Zn>B, and the effect on root density was B> Zn> Mo. Within the tested fertilizer ranges, Mo increased the root volume, reduced the root density, Zn increased the root diameter. Zn-B fertilizer, Zn-Mo fertilizer were antagonistic on yield, Zn-Mo fertilizer was antagonistic significantly on root volume, and Mo-B fertilizer was significantly antagonistic on root density. The optimal fertilization amount of Zn, B and Mo were 0.0305–0.0960 kg/hm2, 1.0270–1.7928 kg/hm2 and 0.1354–0.1774 kg/hm2 based on the statistical frequency method. The production of A. dahurica achieved 44.4% more than control group when the application of Zn, B and Mo were 0.06 kg/hm2, 2.28 kg/hm2 and 0.17 kg/hm2, introduced by the gray related degree-DTOPSIS method.
    Conclusions Suitable combined application of Zn, B and Mo can significanty improve the yield of A. dahurica. The suitable combination ratio is very important for the good effects.

     

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