• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
刘艳霞, 李雨, 李想, 江小龙, 张恒, 石俊雄. 烤烟根际土壤微生物对根系酚酸类物质的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1373-1382. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18280
引用本文: 刘艳霞, 李雨, 李想, 江小龙, 张恒, 石俊雄. 烤烟根际土壤微生物对根系酚酸类物质的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1373-1382. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18280
LIU Yan-xia, LI Yu, LI Xiang, JIANG Xiao-long, ZHANG Heng, SHI Jun-xiong. Responses of soil microbiome to phenolic acid secreted from tobacco rhizosphere[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1373-1382. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18280
Citation: LIU Yan-xia, LI Yu, LI Xiang, JIANG Xiao-long, ZHANG Heng, SHI Jun-xiong. Responses of soil microbiome to phenolic acid secreted from tobacco rhizosphere[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1373-1382. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18280

烤烟根际土壤微生物对根系酚酸类物质的响应

Responses of soil microbiome to phenolic acid secreted from tobacco rhizosphere

  • 摘要:
    目的 烟草连作导致化感物质累积,探索化感物质中主要的酚酸类物质对根际土壤微生物的影响,可为克服烟草连作障碍提供理论依据。
    方法 采用盆栽试验方法,将前期分离、鉴定出的烟草根系分泌物中主要酚酸类物质苯甲酸和3-苯丙酸接种到土壤中,模拟烟草多年连作土壤。试验设4个处理:对照 (T0),向土壤中加入等量灭菌去离子水;添加苯甲酸3 μg/kg土 (T1);3-苯丙酸8 μg/kg土 (T2);同时添加苯甲酸3 μg/kg土和3-苯丙酸8 μg/kg土 (T3),每处理5次重复。以MiSeq测序平台对根际土壤微生物进行高通量测序,探索其对根际土壤微生物的影响,同时采用荧光定量PCR法检测土壤中的茄科劳尔氏菌、短短芽孢杆菌、固氮菌、无机磷细菌、硅酸盐细菌等功能微生物及细菌和真菌的数量变化。
    结果 T1、T2处理土壤细菌OTUs(Operational Taxonomic Units) 数目分别比对照T0降低了21.5%和17.0%,T3处理OTU数量低于T1 和T2处理;T2处理土壤中优势微生物种群增多,结构平衡性降低,门上分类构成和微生物群落构成显著不同于对照。主成分分析与聚类分析显示,T2或T3处理土壤微生物聚类关系较近,都与T0处理较远;T3处理土壤中病原菌数量显著提高,拮抗菌、固氮菌、无机磷细菌、硅酸盐细菌、细菌和真菌数量显著减少,且减少幅度大于T1、T2处理。
    结论 根系分泌物中主要酚酸类物质苯甲酸和3-苯丙酸均能明显改变根际土壤微生物区系,降低土壤微生群落多样性,显著增加有害微生物数量的同时大大降低有益微生物数量。两种酚类同时存在的危害效果远大于单一酚类。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives To investigate the effect of phenolic acids, a kind of allelopathic substance exudated by roots, on the rhizosphere functional microbiota number, in order to present a theoretical basis on overcoming the obstacle caused by continuous tobacco mono-cropping.
    Methods Benzoic acid and 3-phenylpropanoic acid were the two main phenolic acids isolated and identified from tobacco root exudates in previous studies, which were inoculated into soils to simulate the accumulation of tobacco root exudates after many years continuous mono-cropping. The culture experiment had 4 treatments: adding sterilized deionized water (T0), 3 μg/kg soil of benzoic acid (T1), 8 μg/kg soil of 3-phenylpropanoic acid (T2) and both benzoic acid 3 μg/kg soil and 3-phenylpropanoic acid 8 μg/kg soil (T3). High-throughput sequencing using MiSeq system was conducted to evaluate the effect of main phenolic acids on soil bacterial microbes. Real-time PCR was employed to detect the population of Rastonia solanacearum, Brevibacillus brevis, N2-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium release bacteria, bacteria and fungi.
    Results Compared with T0, the soil microbial operational taxonomic units(OTUs) in T1 and T2 were decreased by 21.5 % or 17.0 %, respectively, and even lower OTU was in T3. In T2 treatment, the dominant soil microorganisms increased, and structure balance was declined, the phylum and community structures were significantly different from those in T0. Both the principal component (PCoA) and cluster analyses showed that the microbe profiles in treatment T2 and T3 were nearer, and both were relatively far from that in T0. In treatment T3, the population of pathogen was significantly increased while those of antagonist B. Brevis, N2-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium release bacteria, bacteria and fungi were significantly reduced, and the extent of reduction was greater than that in treatment T1 or T2.
    Conclusions The accumulation of tobacco root exudates benzoic acid and 3-phenylpropanoic acid could affect rhizosphere soil microbiota significantly by decreasing microbial community diversity, increasing pathogen population, and simultaneously reducing beneficial microbial number. The co-existence of the two phenolic acids would lead even worse impaction.

     

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