• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
孙哲, 史春余, 陈路路, 田昌庚, 郑建利, 柳洪鹃, 张鹏. 干旱胁迫下钾素对甘薯碳水化合物及内源激素含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(9): 1550-1559. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18388
引用本文: 孙哲, 史春余, 陈路路, 田昌庚, 郑建利, 柳洪鹃, 张鹏. 干旱胁迫下钾素对甘薯碳水化合物及内源激素含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(9): 1550-1559. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18388
SUN Zhe, SHI Chun-yu, CHEN Lu-lu, TIAN Chang-geng, ZHENG Jian-li, LIU Hong-juan, ZHANG Peng. Effects of potassium nutrition on carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of sweet potato under drought stress[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(9): 1550-1559. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18388
Citation: SUN Zhe, SHI Chun-yu, CHEN Lu-lu, TIAN Chang-geng, ZHENG Jian-li, LIU Hong-juan, ZHANG Peng. Effects of potassium nutrition on carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of sweet potato under drought stress[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(9): 1550-1559. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18388

干旱胁迫下钾素对甘薯碳水化合物及内源激素含量的影响

Effects of potassium nutrition on carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of sweet potato under drought stress

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究干旱胁迫下施钾量对不同生长时期甘薯碳水化合物及内源激素含量的影响,为甘薯的抗旱高产栽培提供理论依据。
    方法 选用食用型甘薯品种‘泰中6号’为材料,以硫酸钾(K2SO4)为供试肥料,水分处理设土壤最大持水量的60%~70%和30%~40%,依次代表正常供水(W1)和干旱胁迫(W0);钾肥设K0、K1、K2、K3四个水平,K2O用量分别为0、120、240和360 kg/hm2。分析了不同生长时期甘薯干物质含量、淀粉和可溶性糖含量、内源激素含量及收获期块根产量。
    结果 干旱胁迫下甘薯植株干物质含量、块根和淀粉产量显著降低,施钾有利于甘薯植株干物质含量的提高、块根的膨大和淀粉的生成和积累,甘薯植株和块根干物质含量、块根淀粉含量和积累量最大均为K2处理,较K0提高幅度最大分别达到31.7%、43.6%、10.6%和50.6%。相同钾用量条件下,干旱胁迫下块根单薯重显著高于正常灌水,单株结薯数显著低于正常灌水。正常灌水条件下施钾后甘薯叶片可溶性糖含量降低,而块根可溶性糖含量升高,干旱胁迫下施钾使甘薯叶片和块根可溶性糖含量增大,较K0提高幅度最高分别达到31.4%和36.0%。干旱胁迫下施钾后甘薯叶片和块根IAA、ABA、ZR和GA含量显著增大,较K0提高幅度最高分别达到12.7%、15.7%、12.0%、10.4%和21.4%、15.6%、65.7%、13.0%,促进了甘薯植株碳水化合物含量和干重的提高,块根淀粉积累速率增大。
    结论 干旱胁迫下施钾促进了干物质向块根的分配,提高了甘薯块根单薯重,从而增加了单位面积甘薯块根产量。干旱胁迫下钾素提高甘薯块根和叶片内源激素(ABA、IAA、ZR、GA)含量,块根内源激素含量的增加促进了块根淀粉的合成和积累,叶片内源激素含量的增加促进了地上部茎叶生长、茎叶干物质积累和叶片可溶性糖含量的增加,增强了甘薯的抗旱性。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different potassium application rates on carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of sweet potato at different growth stages in order to provide theoretical basis for high yield cultivation of sweet potato under drought condition.
    Methods Sweet potato cultivar of Taizhong 6 was used as tested crop and potassium sulphate (K2SO4) as tested K fertilizer. The water treatments included normal water supply (W1, soil with water content of 60%−70% field capacity) and drought stress (W0, soil with water content of 30%−40% field capacity). The K fertilizer application treatments included K2O rates of 0 (K0), 120 (K1), 240 (K2) and 360 kg/hm2 (K3). The contents of dry matter, starch, soluble sugar and endogenous hormones in different growing stages were measured, and the storage root yields were weighed.
    Results The dry matter contents, the storage root and starch yields under the drought stress were significantly lower than those under normal water condition. The highest dry matter contents in both plants and storage roots, the starch contents and accumulation in storage roots were all obtained in K2 treatment, with the increment of 31.7%, 43.6%, 10.6% and 50.6% in turn, compared with K0. At the same potassium rate, the single tuber weight was higher and the tuber number per plant was lower under W0 than under W1. Under W1, the soluble sugar contents in the leaves were reduced and the soluble sugar contents in the storage roots were increased after potassium application, while under W0, the soluble sugar contents in both the leaves and storage roots were increased in K1, with the highest increase of 31.7% and 31.4%, compared with K0. Under drought stress and compared with K0, the IAA, ABA, ZR and GA contents in the leaves and storage roots were significantly increased by potassium application, with the highest increase of 12.7%, 15.7%, 12.0% and 10.4% in leaf, and 21.4%, 15.6%, 65.7% and 13.0% in storage root. The increased hormone concentrations brought to higher carbohydrate and dry weight accumulation amount and rate in the plants and storage roots.
    Conclusions Under the drought stress, potassium application promoted the dry matter allocating to storage roots, and increased the single tuber weight, which increased storage roots yield per unit area. Potassium application increased the endogenous hormone (ABA, IAA, ZR and GA) contents in leaves and. The increased endogenous hormone contents in roots promoted starch synthesis and accumulation in storage roots. The increased endogenous hormone contents promoted stem and leaf growing, dry matter of stem and leaf and soluble sugar content of leaves, and enhanced drought resistance of sweet potato.

     

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