• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
王丽, 邹茸, 王秀斌, 霍文敏, 迟克宇, 范洪黎. 适量施磷有效提高苋菜对镉污染土壤的修复能力[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(2): 354-361. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19109
引用本文: 王丽, 邹茸, 王秀斌, 霍文敏, 迟克宇, 范洪黎. 适量施磷有效提高苋菜对镉污染土壤的修复能力[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(2): 354-361. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19109
WANG Li, ZOU Rong, WANG Xiu-bin, HUO Wen-min, CHI Ke-yu, FAN Hong-li. Effective stimulation of phytoremediation of Amaranshus mangostanus L. in cadmium contaminated soils through reasonable phosphorous fertilizer rate[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(2): 354-361. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19109
Citation: WANG Li, ZOU Rong, WANG Xiu-bin, HUO Wen-min, CHI Ke-yu, FAN Hong-li. Effective stimulation of phytoremediation of Amaranshus mangostanus L. in cadmium contaminated soils through reasonable phosphorous fertilizer rate[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(2): 354-361. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19109

适量施磷有效提高苋菜对镉污染土壤的修复能力

Effective stimulation of phytoremediation of Amaranshus mangostanus L. in cadmium contaminated soils through reasonable phosphorous fertilizer rate

  • 摘要:
    目的 土壤性质和化肥施用均影响作物对重金属污染土壤的修复效果。探究不同磷肥施用量对苋菜镉 (Cd) 吸收和累积的影响,为通过养分管理减少作物对重金属的积累提供依据。
    方法 以苋菜 (Amaranshus mangostanus L.) 为供试作物,以黄棕壤和赤红壤为供试土壤进行盆栽试验。在两个供试土壤中,加入分析纯CdCl2∙2.5H2O (Cd 15 mg/kg土), 平衡一个月后,用于苋菜栽培。设置5个磷肥(P)施用水平:0 (CK)、50、100、200、400 mg/kg土,以磷酸二氢铵 (分析纯) 加入。苋菜生长45天后收获,调查地上部和根部生物量,分析其磷、镉含量,并测定土壤中DTPA提取的有效态Cd含量。
    结果 施用磷肥能提高苋菜的生物量,随着施磷量的增加,苋菜生物量也随之增加,且各处理均与CK处理差异显著。在黄棕壤上,苋菜地上部生物量增幅为9.2%~39.0%,根部为4.0%~15.0%;在赤红壤上,苋菜地上部增幅为7.7%~46.0%,根部为10.0%~100.0%。苋菜Cd含量与CK处理相比均显著降低,在黄棕壤上,苋菜地上部和根部Cd含量的降幅分别为7.4%~50.2%和7.9%~58.8%;在赤红壤上,降幅分别为9.9%~55.8%和21.7%~66.0%。苋菜Cd累积量与CK处理相比均呈上升趋势,黄棕壤上苋菜地上部和根部Cd累积量的增幅分别为36.2%~54.3%和7.4%~38.9%;在赤红壤上,增幅分别为34.3%~62.8%和5.4%~55.4%。当施磷量为P 50 mg/kg土时,苋菜地上部、根部在黄棕壤和赤红壤上的Cd累积量均最大。施磷降低了土壤中镉的生物有效性。随着施磷量的增加,土壤有效态Cd含量显著降低,黄棕壤上的降幅为0.9%~7.2%,赤红壤上的降幅为1.2%~7.9%。植株体内Cd含量与磷含量之间存在一定的负相关性。
    结论 施用磷肥显著提高苋菜的生物量,同时降低土壤中有效态镉的含量。虽然施磷肥显著降低了苋菜地上部和根部的Cd含量,但显著提高的生物量有效增加了苋菜对土壤Cd的总吸收和累积量,提高了其对镉污染土壤的植物修复效率。盆栽结果表明,在镉浓度为15 mg/kg 土的黄棕壤和赤红壤上,磷肥施用量为50 mg/kg土时修复效果最佳。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Soil property and chemical fertilization affect the remediation of plants to heavy metal contaminated soil. This study investigated the effects of different phosphate fertilizer rates on cadmium (Cd) absorption and accumulation of plants, aiming to provide reference through reasonable nutrient management.
    Methods Amaranth (Amaranshus mangostanus L.) was used as the test material, and yellow brown soil and lateritic red soil were used in a pot experiment. Adding CdCl2∙2.5H2O of (analytical grade), and standing for one month were to simulate Cd polluted soil (Cd 15 mg/kg soil). Five P levels were setup as: 0 (CK), 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg soil, using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (analytical grade) as P source. After growing for 45 days, amaranth was harvested, the biomass of shoot and root were weighed, and the P and Cd contents were measured. Soil DTPA extracted available Cd content was measured as well.
    Results P addition in soil increased the biomass of amaranth significantly. Compared with CK, the biomass of shoots and roots of amaranth were increased by 9.2%−39.0% and 4.0%−15.0% in yellow-brown soil, and by 7.7%−46.0% and 10.0%−100.0% in lateritic red soil. The Cd contents in the shoots and roots were decreased by 7.4%−50.2% and 7.9%−58.8% in yellow-brown soil, and by 9.9%−55.8% and 21.7%−66.0% in lateritic red soil; however, the Cd accumulation of amaranth in the shoots and roots were increased by 36.2%−54.3% and 7.4%−38.9% in yellow-brown soil, and by 34.3%−62.8% and 5.4%−55.4% in lateritic red soil. The total Cd accumulation in amaranth reached the highest at P addition level of 50 mg/kg soil. P addition in soil significantly decreased the content of available Cd, and the decrease was 0.9%−7.2% in yellow-brown soil and 1.2%−7.9% in lateritic red soil. There was a negative correlation between the content of Cd and P in amaranth.
    Conclusions The application of phosphate fertilizer could promote the growth of amaranth and decrease the available content of Cd in soil. Although application of P fertilizer significantly reduce Cd content in root and root of amaranth, significantly increased biomass can increase the total uptake and accumulation of Cd, thus effectively enhance the phytoremediation of Cd contamination soil. In both the tested soils and the Cd pollution level, adding 50 mg/kg soil of P shows the best improvements.

     

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