• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
王义坤, 苏厚文, 段亚楠, 李前进, 陈学森, 沈向, 尹承苗, 毛志泉. 三种菌肥对连作平邑甜茶根系生长和土壤真菌群落多样性的促进效应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(2): 316-324. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19122
引用本文: 王义坤, 苏厚文, 段亚楠, 李前进, 陈学森, 沈向, 尹承苗, 毛志泉. 三种菌肥对连作平邑甜茶根系生长和土壤真菌群落多样性的促进效应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(2): 316-324. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19122
WANG Yi-kun, SU Hou-wen, DUAN Ya-nan, LI Qian-jin, CHEN Xue-sen, SHEN Xiang, YIN Cheng-miao, MAO Zhi-quan. Improvement of root development of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and soil fungal diversity under replant condition by three kinds of biofertilizers[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(2): 316-324. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19122
Citation: WANG Yi-kun, SU Hou-wen, DUAN Ya-nan, LI Qian-jin, CHEN Xue-sen, SHEN Xiang, YIN Cheng-miao, MAO Zhi-quan. Improvement of root development of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and soil fungal diversity under replant condition by three kinds of biofertilizers[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(2): 316-324. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19122

三种菌肥对连作平邑甜茶根系生长和土壤真菌群落多样性的促进效应

Improvement of root development of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and soil fungal diversity under replant condition by three kinds of biofertilizers

  • 摘要:
    目的 以苹果常用砧木平邑甜茶 (Malus hupehensis Rehd.) 幼苗为试材,盆栽条件下研究圆弧青霉D12、哈茨木霉、草酸青霉A1等对根系形态及土壤真菌的影响,为生物防控苹果连作障碍提供理论依据。
    方法 试验材料为平邑甜茶实生苗,连作土壤采自山东省泰安市满庄滩清湾31年生老苹果园,设置5个处理:连作土 (CK1)、载体基质 (CK2)、施用圆弧青霉D12菌肥处理 (T1)、施用哈茨木霉菌肥处理 (T2)、施用草酸青霉A1菌肥处理 (T3),菌肥加入量为连作土壤质量的1.00%,移栽4个月后测定根系呼吸速率、根系保护酶、土壤真菌多样性等指标。
    结果 与CK1相比,T1、T2、T3均能够促进植株根系鲜重增加和根系呼吸速率提高,显著提高根系保护酶活性,降低MDA含量;T2、T3效果较好,其SOD活性分别增加了45.46%、46.82%、POD活性分别增加了120.06%、108.73%,CAT活性分别增加了84.15%、87.82%。与CK1 相比,T1、T2、T3土壤中镰孢菌属的相对丰度分别降低了41.14%、49.34%、79.10%,而青霉属和木霉属分别增加了227.18%、222.91%、890.94%和76.55%、462.71%、213.56%,真菌多样性指数 (Ace指数、Chao指数、Shan指数) 均明显提高,Simpson指数则有所下降。
    结论 连作土壤中施用圆弧青霉D12、哈茨木霉、草酸青霉A1均可提高根系保护酶活性和根系活力,降低土壤中镰孢菌丰度,其中哈茨木霉和草酸青霉A1效果较好,可用于苹果连作障碍的防控。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were used as test materials, and three kinds of microbiological fertilizers, namely, Penicillium cyclopium D12, Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium oxalicum A1, were used to investigate their effects on root morphology and rhizosphere soil environment of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings, which would provided theoretical basis for biological control of apple replant disease.
    Methods In a pot experiment, Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were used as test materials, and soils were collected from an apple orchard of Tanqingwan Village, Tai’an City of Shandong Province, where apple had been replanted for 31 years. Five treatments were set up: the replanted orchard soil (CK1), the carrier of fertilizer (CK2), Penicillium cyclopium D12 fertilizer (T1), Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer (T2) and Penicillium oxalicum A1 fertilizer (T3). The addition amount of biofertilizer were 1.00% of apple replanted orchard soil. After four months of growth, the seedlings were harvested, the root respiration rate, root system protects enzyme activity were measured, and the diversity of soil fungi were investigated.
    Results Compared with CK1, T1, T2 and T3 significantly promoted the increase of root fresh weight and root respiration rate. After three kinds of biofertilizers were applied, the activity of root protective enzymes increased significantly, and the content of MDA decreased at the same time. Among them, T2 and T3 had better effects, and POD activities in T2 and T3 were increased by 120.06% and 108.73%, SOD activities were increased by 45.46%, 46.82%, and CAT activities were increased by 84.15% and 87.82%, respectively. At genus level, compared with CK1, the Fusarium relative abundance of T1, T2 and T3 decreased by 41.14%, 49.34% and 79.10%, respectively. The Penicillium and Trichoderma relative abundance of T1, T2 and T3 increased by 227.18%, 222.91%, 890.94%, and 76.55%, 462.71%, 213.56%, respectively. The Ace index, Chao index and Shan index increased significantly, while Simpson index decreased, indicating that the application of fertilizer could improve the diversity of soil fungi.
    Conclusions The antioxidant enzymes was greatly improved, the root activity of Malus hupehensis Rehd. was promoted, and the abundance of Fusarium in soil was reduced by applying three kinds of fertilizers. Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium oxalicum A1 have better application effect and could be used as effective measures to prevent and control apple replant disease.

     

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