• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
郑春风, 刘春增, 李本银, 张梦, 张成兰, 吕玉虎, 潘兹亮, 聂良鹏, 曹卫东. 喷施矮壮素和多效唑对紫云英生长发育及结实性状的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(10): 1917-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19384
引用本文: 郑春风, 刘春增, 李本银, 张梦, 张成兰, 吕玉虎, 潘兹亮, 聂良鹏, 曹卫东. 喷施矮壮素和多效唑对紫云英生长发育及结实性状的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(10): 1917-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19384
ZHENG Chun-feng, LIU Chun-zeng, LI Ben-yin, ZHANG Meng, ZHANG Cheng-lan, Lü Yu-hu, PAN Zi-liang, NIE Liang-peng, CAO Wei-dong. Effects of chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol on growth and development and seed setting characteristics of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(10): 1917-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19384
Citation: ZHENG Chun-feng, LIU Chun-zeng, LI Ben-yin, ZHANG Meng, ZHANG Cheng-lan, Lü Yu-hu, PAN Zi-liang, NIE Liang-peng, CAO Wei-dong. Effects of chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol on growth and development and seed setting characteristics of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(10): 1917-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19384

喷施矮壮素和多效唑对紫云英生长发育及结实性状的影响

Effects of chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol on growth and development and seed setting characteristics of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.)

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究不同时期喷施矮壮素和多效唑对紫云英生长发育及结实的影响,明确有利于增产的最佳喷施时期,为提高紫云英种子产量提供有效的化控途径。
    方法 选取紫云英品种‘信紫1号’为供试材料,分别于越冬后期、返青期、现蕾期、初花期和始花后5天在叶面喷施矮壮素或多效唑 (浓度均为400 mg/kg),以叶面喷施清水为对照。于盛花期,调查株高、茎粗、分枝数、SPAD值、单株重等生长指标,成熟期按常规考种法考察记载花数、荚数、籽粒数、结荚率和荚果结实率等结实性指标。
    结果 现蕾期叶面喷施矮壮素和多效唑均可有效抑制植株株高,提高分枝数、SPAD值和单株重,多效唑喷施效果好于矮壮素。与喷清水对照相比,现蕾期喷施矮壮素的紫云英花数、荚数、籽粒数、结荚率和荚果结实率分别显著提高了16.32%、21.45%、15.94%、2.38个百分点和0.94个百分点,而其在越冬后期和返青期喷施却显著降低各指标;现蕾期喷施多效唑的紫云英花数、荚数、籽粒数、结荚率和荚果结实率分别显著提高了31.69%、43.41%、29.49%、4.76个百分点和2.14个百分点,在越冬后期喷施显著降低花数和荚果结实率。矮壮素和多效唑均在现蕾期喷施的种子产量最高,两者较对照分别增产15.95%和29.88%。
    结论 在紫云英现蕾期,叶面喷施植物延缓剂多效唑和矮壮素,均可显著促进花期花荚发育,减少花荚脱落,促进花荚结实成粒,最终获得较高的种子产量,多效唑效果好于矮壮素。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives This study explored the influences of foliar spraying of chlormequat chloride (CCC) and paclobutrazol on growth and seed setting of Chinese milk vetch, to screen the appropriate spraying stage and provide an effective way of increasing yield through chemical control.
    Methods The used Chinese milk vetch cultivar in a field experiment was ‘Xinzi1’. The two growth retardants were foliar sprayed separately in five stages: late wintering, returning green, squaring, pre-flowering and 5 days after-flowering, water was sprayed at the same time which was recorded as control. The concentrations of CCC and paclobutrazol were both 400 mg/kg. We investigated the plant heights, stem diameters, branch numbers, SPAD values and weight per plant at full-flowering stage, and the number of flowers, pods, seeds, pod set rates and seed set rates on the main stems at mature stage.
    Results Foliar spray of both CCC and paclobutrazol at the squaring stage significantly inhibited plant height, but significantly increased branch numbers, SPAD value and weight per plant, and paclobutrazol performed better than CCC did. Compared with spraying water (control), the number of flowers, pods, seeds, pod set rates and seed set rates were increased by 16.32%, 21.45%, 15.94%, 2.38 percentage points and 0.94 percentage points when praying CCC at squaring stage, while significantly decreased when spraying at late wintering and returning green stages; the number of flowers, pods, seeds, pod set rates and seed set rates were increased by 31.69%, 43.41%, 29.49%, 4.76 percentage points and 2.14 percentage points when spraying paclobutrazol at squaring stage, but flower number and pod seed set rate were significantly decreased when spraying at late wintering stage. The highest seed yields were obtained when spraying CCC and paclobutrazol at squaring stage, with the increment of 15.95% and 29.88% than control.
    Conclusions Foliar application of paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride at squaring stage could effectively control the plant height, reduce the shedding, and promote seed setting characteristics, as a result, achieve higher seed yield. Paclobutrazol is proved of better chemical control and promotion effect than chlormequat chloride.

     

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