• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
宁东峰, 李志杰, 孙文彦, 马卫萍, 黄绍文, 赵秉强. 节水灌溉对黄淮海地区冬小麦水分消耗与光合特性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(4): 852-858. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0411
引用本文: 宁东峰, 李志杰, 孙文彦, 马卫萍, 黄绍文, 赵秉强. 节水灌溉对黄淮海地区冬小麦水分消耗与光合特性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(4): 852-858. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0411
NING Dong-feng, LI Zhi-jie, SUN Wen-yan, MA Wei-ping, HUANG Shao-wen, ZHAO Bing-qiang. Effects of water-saving irrigation on water consumption and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai area of China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(4): 852-858. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0411
Citation: NING Dong-feng, LI Zhi-jie, SUN Wen-yan, MA Wei-ping, HUANG Shao-wen, ZHAO Bing-qiang. Effects of water-saving irrigation on water consumption and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai area of China[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(4): 852-858. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0411

节水灌溉对黄淮海地区冬小麦水分消耗与光合特性的影响

Effects of water-saving irrigation on water consumption and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai area of China

  • 摘要: 2008~2009年在大田试验条件下研究了节水灌溉对冬小麦耗水特性、光合特性、产量及水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明,小麦播种至拔节期,以消耗0—40 cm土层水分为主,在此期间42 mm降水条件下,不灌冻水处理在拔节前0—40 cm土层达到重度水分亏缺,灌冻水处理只为轻度水分亏缺。前期重度水分亏缺对后期根系吸收深层水分和旗叶光合速率起到显著影响。轻度水分亏缺条件下,气孔导度下降,蒸腾速率随之降低; 而光合速率可得以维持,单叶水分利用效率提高。随灌水次数增加,总耗水量加大,土壤水和降水的消耗比例显著降低。产量、WUE与耗水量均呈二次曲线关系,但变化趋势不一致,两曲线在耗水量360 mm处相交,为两者理论上最佳结合点。本试验中,冻水+拔节水处理产量最高,达到7753 kg/hm2,比不灌水处理(W0)提高了40.2%,WUE值为1.9 kg/m3,与W0处理差异不显著,为本试验的最优节水高产灌溉方案。

     

    Abstract: Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2009. The objective of the research was to find effects of water-saving irrigation on water consumption, photosynthetic characteristic, grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of winter wheat. The results showed that, during sowing to jointing stages, under 42 mm precipitation condition, available water content of 0-40 cm soil layer decreased significantly, 0-40 cm soil layer of all treatments(except wintering and jointing treatment)was under serious water stress, while wintering and jointing treatment only under light water stress. Serious water stress before jointing stages remarkably affected root to absorb water in deep soil layer and photosynthetic rate of wheat in late stages. With increase of irrigation times, total water consumption increased, but the percentage of soil-water consumption and precipitation consumption decreased. Under light water stress condition, stomatal-conductivity decreased, consequently reduced transpiration rate, but preserved the net photosynthetic rate, so WUE of leaves increased. There was a conic relationship between grain yield, WUE and water consumption, but the two conics did not have the same variation tendency. A point of intersection at 360 mm water consumption was found which indicated the best combining site of grain yield and WUE. Grain yield of wintering and jointing treatment was 7753 kg/ha, which increased 40.2% compared to no irrigation treatment(W0). WUE of wintering and jointing treatment was 1.9 kg/m3, which did not differ with W0. To this effect, wintering and jointing treatment was the best water-saving and high yielding treatment under experimental conditions.

     

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