• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
杨尚东, 任奎瑜, 谭宏伟. 甘蔗宿根矮化病感病与非感病植株养分含量、根系生长及内生细菌群落的差异[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(9): 1591-1599. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20144
引用本文: 杨尚东, 任奎瑜, 谭宏伟. 甘蔗宿根矮化病感病与非感病植株养分含量、根系生长及内生细菌群落的差异[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(9): 1591-1599. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20144
YANG Shang-dong, REN Kui-yu, TAN Hong-wei. Differences in plant nutrient content, root growth and endophytic bacterial community between infected and non-infected sugarcanes by ratoon stunting disease[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(9): 1591-1599. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20144
Citation: YANG Shang-dong, REN Kui-yu, TAN Hong-wei. Differences in plant nutrient content, root growth and endophytic bacterial community between infected and non-infected sugarcanes by ratoon stunting disease[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(9): 1591-1599. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20144

甘蔗宿根矮化病感病与非感病植株养分含量、根系生长及内生细菌群落的差异

Differences in plant nutrient content, root growth and endophytic bacterial community between infected and non-infected sugarcanes by ratoon stunting disease

  • 摘要:
    目的 分析甘蔗宿根矮化病 (ratoon stunting disease, RSD) 感病植株与非感病植株不同部位氮、磷、钾吸收量、根系生长和内生细菌群落结构特征,旨在探明甘蔗宿根矮化病的感染与危害机制,为构建生态防控RSD栽培管理技术体系生态防控RSD提供理论依据。
    方法 以甘蔗RSD感病植株为试材,RSD非感病植株为对照,采集甘蔗RSD感病植株和非感病植株叶片、根系和茎部组织为样品,利用传统和现代高通量测序技术分析了甘蔗RSD感病植株和非感病植株叶片、茎中氮、磷、钾含量,根系生长以及内生细菌群落结构特征。
    结果 甘蔗RSD感病植株不同部位氮、磷、钾吸收量显著低于RSD非感病植株;而且RSD感病植株根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根尖数等反映植株根系生长状况的指标,以及指示植株内生细菌多样性的Shannon指数显著低于RSD非感病植株;同时,Simpson指数显著高于相应的RSD非感病植株;基于门分类水平,RSD感病植株内生细菌的部分优势菌门,如绿弯菌门 (Chloroflexi) 和酸杆菌门 (Acidobacteria) 细菌的丰度占比急剧增加,而厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes) 和门分类水平中属于其它 (other) 菌门的细菌占比下降;属分类水平,RSD感病植株内生细菌部分优势菌属的丰度占比、排位顺序与对照相比,发生了明显变化,而且诸如Pseudarthrobacter、红游动菌属 (Rhodoplanes) 等部分优势菌属缺失。
    结论 甘蔗罹患RSD病后,根长、总根表面积、总根体积和根尖数均显著下降,致使植株氮、磷、钾吸收量显著降低。氮、磷、钾吸收量的减少,尤其是钾吸收量的急剧下降,又会影响RSD感病植株的生长,最终导致甘蔗产量和品质下降。与非感病植株相比,RSD感病植株内生细菌多样性下降、特有内生细菌优势菌属和菌种数量减少是甘蔗植株抗性降低的重要原因。与非感病植株相比,RSD感病植株内生细菌的部分优势菌门的丰度发生了明显变化,诸如绿弯菌门 (Chloroflexi) 和酸杆菌门 (Acidobacteria) 细菌的丰度占比急剧增加,而厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes) 和属于门分类水平中其它 (other) 的细菌占比下降。与非感病植株相比,RSD感病植株内生细菌部分优势菌属的丰度占比、排位顺序也发生了明显变化,如Pseudarthrobacter、红游动菌属 (Rhodoplanes) 等部分非感病植株中丰度占比大于1%的优势菌属缺失。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives The characters of NPK nutrition, root growth and endophytic bacteria community in the sugarcanes that infected with ratoon stunting disease (RSD) were analyzed, which would provide an theoretical support for the control of the disease.
    Methods In a field where sugarcane had been continuously grown for three years, RSD infected and RSD non-infected sugarcane plant samples were collected by digging up the whole plant. The biomass, NPK contents, root growth indices and the endophytic bacteria community structure were determined using acknowledged methods.
    Results In comparison with RSD non-infected sugarcanes, in RSD infected plants, the absorption of NPK were significantly decreased, especially that of K. The root length, root surface area, root volume and tips were all decreased significantly. About the indexes of bacterial diversity, the Shannon index was significantly declined and the Simpson index was promoted. At the dominated bacteria abundance at phylum level, the ratios of Chloroflex and Actinobacteria were increased and those of the Firmicutes and the others were significantly decreased. Likewise, at genus level, the percentages and ranking of some dominant endophytic bacteria were changed obviously, and some such as Pseudarthrobacter and Rhodoplanes even disappeared at all.
    Conclusions Due to infection of RSD, the root development of sugarcane is inhibited seriously, and the decrease of root length, surface area, volume and tip numbers leads to a significant decrease in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake. The worse NPK nutrition, especially K nutrition, impacts the growth of sugarcane and results low yield and quality. When infected with RSD, the diversity of endophytic bacteria is significantly decreased, although the numbers of bacteria on genus or species levels are not changed. Compared with RSD non-infected plants at phylum level, the abundance percentage of Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria increases greatly, while that of Firmicutes and others decreases. The ranking of the dominant genus of endophytic bacteria changes as well. The Pseudarthrobacter and Rhodoplanes which belong to the dominant endophytic bacteria and account for over 1% of the community in RSD non-infected plants lost in RSD infected plants.

     

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