• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张维霞, 高爽, 王俊玲, 陈倩倩, 薛占军, 高志奎. Na+与Cl浓度平衡供应促进小白菜干物质积累及营养品质提升[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(5): 906-918. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021456
引用本文: 张维霞, 高爽, 王俊玲, 陈倩倩, 薛占军, 高志奎. Na+与Cl浓度平衡供应促进小白菜干物质积累及营养品质提升[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(5): 906-918. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021456
ZHANG Wei-xia, GAO Shuang, WANG Jun-ling, CHEN Qian-qian, XUE Zhan-jun, GAO Zhi-kui. The balanced supply of Na+ and Cl promotes dry biomass accumulation and nutritional quality improvement of pakchoi[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(5): 906-918. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021456
Citation: ZHANG Wei-xia, GAO Shuang, WANG Jun-ling, CHEN Qian-qian, XUE Zhan-jun, GAO Zhi-kui. The balanced supply of Na+ and Cl promotes dry biomass accumulation and nutritional quality improvement of pakchoi[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(5): 906-918. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021456

Na+与Cl浓度平衡供应促进小白菜干物质积累及营养品质提升

The balanced supply of Na+ and Cl promotes dry biomass accumulation and nutritional quality improvement of pakchoi

  • 摘要:
    目的 适宜的Na+与Cl浓度均有利于植物的生长,但Na+和Cl哪个起主导作用,以及二者之间的平衡关系对其有益作用的影响尚不清楚。因此,拟通过本研究为低浓度氯化钠在生产中的应用提供理论依据。
    方法 采用盆栽试验培养小白菜(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis Tsen et Lee),在小白菜长到3叶1心时进行叶面喷施处理。以NaCl为基础,设置了Na+<Cl (A)、Na+=Cl (B)和Na+>Cl (C) 3组处理。B组平衡态的3个处理的Na+∶Cl的浓度(mmol/L)比为6∶6 (B1)、12∶12 (B2)、18∶18 (B3);A组非平衡态的3个处理为0∶6 (A1)、6∶12 (A2)、12∶18 (A3);C组非平衡态的3个处理的比值是6∶0 (C1)、12∶6 (C2)、18∶12 (C3),以无离子水为对照CK,每日喷施一次,连续处理21天。停止喷施后,取样观测叶片组织结构,测定植株干鲜物质量、叶片光合活性以及游离氨基酸含量。
    结果 无论Na+和Cl是平衡还是非平衡状态,喷施处理均显著提高了小白菜的干鲜物质积累量和叶片光合活性。与CK相比,3个Na+、Cl等浓度供给处理均显著增加了小白菜植株干、鲜生物量,显著增加了植株游离氨基酸含量,增加了叶面积尤其是中上位叶面积,促生效果均以B2 处理最佳,植株干、鲜生物量分别比CK增加了35.1%和43.7%,叶面积增加了33.4%。在非平衡状态中,有Cl无Na+时有利于含水量增加,有Na+无Cl时有利于干物质累积,且表现出Na+和Cl均有利于含水量增加,Na+比Cl更有利于游离氨基酸累积(Na+>Cl时,增加52.6%),Cl比Na+更有利于干物质累积和光合速率(Na+<Cl时,增加17.3%)以及气孔导度(Na+<Cl时,增加145.3%)增加的现象。2因素主体间效应检验显示,小白菜的植株干鲜物质和营养物质累积、叶面积和比叶重、叶片光合气体交换活性,既受Na+、Cl单独离子效应的影响,又受Na+与Cl交互效应的影响。
    结论 叶面喷施Na+与Cl平衡与否都对小白菜的生长、干物质累积、含水量增加和叶片光合活性具有促进效应。但以12 mmol/L NaCl的生长促进效应更优,其主要表现为叶面积的扩展促使植株干物质累积。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives The optimum concentration of Na+ or Cl is beneficial to plant growth. Yet, it is unclear which one plays a dominant role and how the balanced relationship between the elements presents better beneficial effects. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide a reference for applying a low concentration of sodium chloride in leafy vegetable production.
    Methods The seeds of pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis Tsen et Lee) were planted in a pot filled with a soilless matrix. Foliar application of Na+ and Cl was consecutively carried out at the 3-true-leaves stage. The treatments were composed of three groups and three levels of Na+ and Cl. The different groups were Na+= Cl (B), with Na+ and Cl at 6 mmol/L (B1), 12 mmol/L (B2), and 18 mmol/L (B3). The second group had Na+< Cl (A), Na+∶ Cl at 0∶6 mmol/L (A1), 6∶12 mmol/L (A2), and 12∶18 mmol/L (A3). The third group had Na+> Cl (C), with Na+∶ Cl at 6∶0 (C1), 12∶ 6 mmol/L (C2), and 18∶12 mmol/L (C3) , respectively. We sprayed deionized water simultaneously as control (CK). The leafy tissue structure was observed. The fresh and dry biomass, leaf photosynthetic activity, and free amino acid content were measured immediately after spraying.
    Results Compared with CK, all the Na+ and Cl treatments (P<0.05) increased the fresh and dry biomass and leaf photosynthetic activity of pakchoi. The Na+= Cl group also increased the free amino acid content and leaf area, especially the middle and upper leaves. The highest dry and fresh biomass and leaf area were recorded in B2, which were increased by 35.1%, 43.7%, and 33.4%, respectively. Cl favored water accumulation in the absence of Na+, while Na+ favored dry biomass accumulation in the absence of Cl. Both elements (Na+ and Cl) favored water accumulation. Na+ was more conducive to the accumulation of free amino acids than Cl (i.e. Na+>Cl , 52.6% increase), Cl was more conducive to the accumulation of dry biomass and photosynthetic rate (i.e. Na+<Cl, 17.3% increase) and stomatal conductance (i.e. Na+<Cl, 145.3% increase) than Na+. A 2-factor intersubjective effect test showed both Na+ and Cl (P<0.05) affect the dry biomass, fresh weight, nutrients content, leaf area, specific leaf weight, and leaf gas exchange of pakchoi at the main and interaction levels.
    Conclusions Foliar spraying of Na+ and Cl could promote the growth, dry biomass accumulation, and leaf photosynthetic activity of pakchoi. Supplying Na+ and Cl in equal concentration had a higher effect than unequal supply, and the optimum spraying concentration was NaCl 12 mmol/L.

     

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