• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
陈洪儒, 鲁艳红, 廖育林, 王斌, 万运帆, 王开悦, 张志伟, 聂军, 秦晓波. 等养分投入下冬种紫云英比秸秆还田更有效抑制稻田CH4的产生和排放[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(8): 1376-1387. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021609
引用本文: 陈洪儒, 鲁艳红, 廖育林, 王斌, 万运帆, 王开悦, 张志伟, 聂军, 秦晓波. 等养分投入下冬种紫云英比秸秆还田更有效抑制稻田CH4的产生和排放[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2022, 28(8): 1376-1387. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021609
CHEN Hong-ru, LU Yan-hong, LIAO Yu-lin, WANG Bin, WAN Yun-fan, WANG Kai-yue, ZHANG Zhi-wei, NIE Jun, QIN Xiao-bo. Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) is a more effective inhibitor of methane production and emission than straw under equal nutrient condition in paddy field[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(8): 1376-1387. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021609
Citation: CHEN Hong-ru, LU Yan-hong, LIAO Yu-lin, WANG Bin, WAN Yun-fan, WANG Kai-yue, ZHANG Zhi-wei, NIE Jun, QIN Xiao-bo. Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) is a more effective inhibitor of methane production and emission than straw under equal nutrient condition in paddy field[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2022, 28(8): 1376-1387. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2021609

等养分投入下冬种紫云英比秸秆还田更有效抑制稻田CH4的产生和排放

Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) is a more effective inhibitor of methane production and emission than straw under equal nutrient condition in paddy field

  • 摘要:
    目的 比较冬种紫云英和水稻秸秆还田对稻田甲烷(CH4)产生、排放的影响,探究冬种紫云英的节肥效应和CH4减排机制。
    方法 田间试验在湖南省农业科学院高桥试验基地进行,种植制度为单季超级稻‘晶两优华占’。田间试验设置1个不施肥对照(CK)和5个等氮磷钾养分施肥处理:单施化肥(CF)、化肥+水稻秸秆全量还田(S)、化肥+紫云英全量还田(M)、化肥+秸秆和紫云英全量还田(MS)、化肥+秸秆和紫云英全量还田+熟石灰(MSC)。在水稻分蘖初期(2021年6月21日),采用密闭式静态暗箱监测稻田CH4排放通量,通过底座侧面的接口采集田面水溶存CH4,同时每个小区按“S”形随机取0—20 cm土层土壤样品,一份用于测定理化性质,一份用于室内甲烷产生潜力和甲烷氧化潜力培养试验。
    结果 1)田间试验中,供试稻田CH4排放通量范围为5.70~26.65 mg/(m2·h),虽然处理间差异未达显著水平,施肥处理的CH4排放通量均高于CK,S、MS、MSC处理的CH4排放通量又高于CF处理,在施肥处理中以M处理的CH4排放通量最低。与S处理相比,M处理减少了13.78%的化肥氮量,折合尿素24.46 kg/hm2,CH4排放通量降低了12.50%。供试稻田田面水溶存CH4浓度范围为70.02~163.58 mg/kg,以MSC处理最高,其田面水溶存CH4浓度比其他处理平均提高了30.68%。2)室内培养试验中,M处理的SOM和总碳含量分别比S处理提高了7.60%和7.55%,DOC含量降低25.99%。M处理的CH4产生潜力和CH4氧化潜力均最低,分别比其他5个处理平均降低61.04%和7.56%,比S处理降低83.16%和5.36%。M处理的乙酸发酵产CH4途径比例比其它5个处理平均降低52.52%,比S处理降低53.49%。
    结论 冬种并翻压紫云英可替代部分化肥投入,不仅减少了水稻生育早期土壤中的有效态氮,还减少了土壤中的可溶性有机碳含量,因而比秸秆还田更有效地促进稻田增碳和减少CH4排放。紫云英全量还田处理主要抑制了乙酸型产甲烷过程。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives The inhibitory effects of Chinese milk vetch (Mv) and rice straw on production and emission of methane in paddy fields were compared.
    Methods Field trials were conducted at Gaoqiao experimental base of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, under one-season super-hybrid rice planting system. The soil samples were collected in six treatment plots, including no-fertilization control (CK) and five equal-nutrient fertilization treatments, i.e., chemical fertilizer only (CF), CF plus rice straw incorporation (S), CF plus Mv incorporation (M), CF plus both rice straw and Mv incorporation (MS), CF plus rice straw and Mv incorporation and slaked lime (MSC). At the early stage of rice tillering (June 21th, 2021), CH4 flux was monitored using closed-static-chamber method, and the surface water samples were collected below the closed-static-chamber for determination of dissolved methane. At the same time, soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken for the test of physicochemical properties and the laboratory incubation experiment.
    Results 1) Soil CH4 daily fluxes fluctuated between 5.70–26.65 mg/(m2·h), fertilized soils recorded higher CH4 emission than CK, and M treatment elicited the lowest CH4 emission among fertilizer treatments. Compared to S treatment, M treatment reduced 13.78% of chemical N input, and reduced CH4 flux by 12.50%. The dissolved CH4 concentration in surface water ranged between 70.02–163.58 mg/kg, the surface water in MSC treatment had 30.68% higher CH4 concentration than others. 2) Compared to S treatment, M treatment increased SOM and total carbon content by 7.60% and 7.55%, but decreased DOC by 25.99%. M treatment exhibited the lowest CH4 production and oxidation potentials, which were 61.04% and 7.56% lower than the other five treatments, and 83.16% and 5.36% lower than S treatment, respectively. Compared with the other five treatments, M treatment markedly decreased the CH4 production through aceticlastic methanogenesis pathway, M treatment decreased the contribution of CH4 to total by 52.52%, and reduced the contribution of CH4 to total by 53.49% in comparison with S treatment.
    Conclusions Compared with rice straw incorporation, Chinese milk vetch incorporation not only reduces soil available N, but also reduces soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration during the early growth stage of rice, it is therefore beneficial to the storage of carbon in soil and decrease of CH4 emission. Milk vetch incorporation mainly inhibits the production of CH4 via aceticlastic methanogenesis.

     

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