• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
李瑞, 贺代伟, 刘杰成, 王正, 姜煜, 王玮, 张智, 裘莉娟. 采用综合评价模型优化樱桃番茄的灌溉与钙镁肥组合[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(2): 382-392. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2022262
引用本文: 李瑞, 贺代伟, 刘杰成, 王正, 姜煜, 王玮, 张智, 裘莉娟. 采用综合评价模型优化樱桃番茄的灌溉与钙镁肥组合[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(2): 382-392. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2022262
LI Rui, HE Dai-wei, LIU Jie-cheng, WANG Zheng, JIANG Yu, WANG Wei, ZHANG Zhi, QIU Li-juan. Optimizing the combination of Ca and Mg and water levels in cherry tomato production using comprehensive evaluation model[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2023, 29(2): 382-392. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2022262
Citation: LI Rui, HE Dai-wei, LIU Jie-cheng, WANG Zheng, JIANG Yu, WANG Wei, ZHANG Zhi, QIU Li-juan. Optimizing the combination of Ca and Mg and water levels in cherry tomato production using comprehensive evaluation model[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2023, 29(2): 382-392. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2022262

采用综合评价模型优化樱桃番茄的灌溉与钙镁肥组合

Optimizing the combination of Ca and Mg and water levels in cherry tomato production using comprehensive evaluation model

  • 摘要:
    目的 钙、镁肥效果既互相影响又受灌溉量影响。尝试用综合评价模型优化包括钙、镁和水等多因子的配施方案,为樱桃番茄高效生产提供指导。
    方法 水、氮、钾、钙、镁五元二次正交旋转组合设计(1/2实施)微区试验在陕西杨凌大棚内进行,供试樱桃番茄品种为‘粉妹1号’,共36个处理。测定樱桃番茄生长、产量、品质、水肥利用率等共21个指标。采用Pearson相关性分析、组合评价方法对指标进行分级、综合评价,构建樱桃番茄综合评分对5个因子水平的响应模型。
    结果 构建了包含14个指标的樱桃番茄综合评价体系;组合赋权确定了各指标最终权重,其中产量权重(0.2324)最大,净光合速率权重(0.0183)最小,这表明产量是对试验因子变化最敏感的指标。通过整体差异综合评价,发现樱桃番茄的综合评分随灌水量和氮肥水平的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,灌水量0水平与–2和+2水平处理之间的差异显著大于氮肥水平之间的差异,随钙肥水平的增加略呈先增加后降低的趋势,而随钾和镁肥水平的增加几乎无显著变化。采用降维分析,当水、氮和钾处于0水平(适当水平)时,樱桃番茄的综合评分以钙和镁为0水平附近时最高;考虑5个因子的交互作用,基于整体差异组合的综合评分最优区间为:灌水量56.26~59.03 L/株、N 6.05~7.03 g/株、K2O 5.97~6.50 g/株、CaO 2.92~3.30 g/株、MgO 0.58~0.64 g/株。
    结论 采用综合评价模型可以兼顾生长、产量、品质和资源利用率,提出最优的水肥组合方案。本试验提出的樱桃番茄适宜施肥区间验证了该方法的可行性。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives The efficiency of Ca and Mg fertilizer is affected by application rate of fertilizer as well as the irrigation levels. We attempted using a comprehensive evaluation model to optimize the combination of multiple factors, including Ca and Mg, for high yield, quality, and profitability of cherry tomato.
    Methods A microplot experiment of five-element quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design (1/2 implementation) was carried out in a greenhouse in Yangling City, Shaanxi Province, cherry tomato cultivar ‘Fenmei 1’ as test material. The five factors were irrigation, N, K, Ca, and Mg fertilizer, and each factor had levels of –2, –1, 0, +1, and +2, composing 36 combination treatments. Total of 21 indicators involved in growth, yield, quality, and water and fertilizer utilization of cherry tomato were investigated. 14 indicators were screened out according to their importance using Pearson correlation analysis, and the differences caused by the indictors were comprehensively evaluated using a combined evaluation method. Finally, the regulation model of water and fertilizer coupling of cherry tomato was developed.
    Results The final weight of individual index was calculated using the combination weighting method, yield gained the largest weight (0.2324) and the net photosynthetic rate gained the smallest weight (0.0183), indicating the yield was the most sensitive indicator to the change of tested factors. The comprehensive score of cherry tomatoes, calculated using the overall difference combination method, showed a parabolic relationship with the increase in irrigation and N fertilizer level, and the change span among irrigation levels was significantly greater than that among N fertilizer rates; and the overall score showed a very gentle downward parabolic shape with the increase of Ca application, while no parabolic shape was formed with the increased in K and Mg fertilizer levels. We used dimensionality reduction analysis, when irrigation, N and K were at level 0 (appropriate level), the composite score of cherry tomato was highest when Ca and Mg were around 0. Considering the interaction of 5 factors together, the overall difference combination comprehensive evaluation value had the optimal range: irrigation 56.26−59.03 L/plant, N 6.05−7.03 g/plant, K2O 5.97−6.50 g/plant, CaO 2.92−3.30 g/plant, and MgO 0.58−0.64 g/plant.
    Conclusions The comprehensive evaluation model can take into account the growth, yield, quality, and resource utilization, and propose the optimal combination scheme of water and fertilizer. The suitable fertilization interval of cherry tomato proposed in this experiment verifies the feasibility of this method.

     

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