• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
李宁, 王珊珊, 马丽丽, 刘耀辉, 修玉冰, 李新华, 项国栋, 胡冬南, 郭晓敏, 张文元. 两株高效溶磷菌的溶磷能力及其对玉米生长和红壤磷素形态的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(2): 275-283. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20391
引用本文: 李宁, 王珊珊, 马丽丽, 刘耀辉, 修玉冰, 李新华, 项国栋, 胡冬南, 郭晓敏, 张文元. 两株高效溶磷菌的溶磷能力及其对玉米生长和红壤磷素形态的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(2): 275-283. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20391
LI Ning, WANG Shan-shan, MA Li-li, LIU Yao-hui, XIU Yu-bing, LI Xin-hua, XIANG Guo-dong, HU Dong-nan, GUO Xiao-min, ZHANG Wen-yuan. Phosphate-solubilizing capacity of two bacteria strains and its effect on maize growth and the phosphorus fractions in red soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(2): 275-283. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20391
Citation: LI Ning, WANG Shan-shan, MA Li-li, LIU Yao-hui, XIU Yu-bing, LI Xin-hua, XIANG Guo-dong, HU Dong-nan, GUO Xiao-min, ZHANG Wen-yuan. Phosphate-solubilizing capacity of two bacteria strains and its effect on maize growth and the phosphorus fractions in red soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(2): 275-283. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20391

两株高效溶磷菌的溶磷能力及其对玉米生长和红壤磷素形态的影响

Phosphate-solubilizing capacity of two bacteria strains and its effect on maize growth and the phosphorus fractions in red soil

  • 摘要:
    目的 磷在土壤中易于固定,且向有效态的转化能力弱。研究两株高效溶磷菌活化土壤中的磷素的能力,为提高红壤供磷能力提供指导。
    方法 以溶磷菌株伯克霍尔德菌 (Burkholderia) XQP35 (P35)、拉乌尔菌 (Raoultella) SQP80 (P80) 为研究对象,以磷酸铝、磷酸铁、植酸钙和卵磷脂替代液体NBRIP培养基中的磷酸钙作为磷源处理,测定两个菌株对不同磷源的溶解能力。将液体NBRIP培养基的pH分别调至4、5、6、7和8,再接种菌株并培养24、48、72、96、120、144 h,测定液体培养基中的溶磷量。以玉米为试材进行盆栽试验,设定不接种菌剂 (CK) 和接种P35、P80、商品化菌剂 (EM) 4个处理。在玉米生长20、40、60、80、100天后,取样分析玉米生长、土壤有效磷含量,并分析了第100天时的土壤中性和酸性磷酸酶活性,以及土壤中不同形态磷的含量。
    结果 1) 菌株P35、P80对难溶性磷酸钙和植酸钙均有较强的溶解能力,对磷酸铁、磷酸铝和卵磷脂磷的溶解能力较弱。P35在培养24 h内及P80在培养48 h内,其溶磷量在不同培养基pH处理间差异显著,随着培养时间的延长,不同pH处理间的溶磷量逐渐接近,且溶磷量达到一定水平后不再增加。2) 土壤接种菌株P35、P80对玉米表现出良好的促生效果,提高了玉米植株地径、株高、吸磷量和干物质积累量,干物质量分别较CK增加32%、36% (P < 0.05)。3) 在土壤接种菌株20~100天内,P35和P80处理的土壤有效磷含量始终高于CK和EM处理,有时差异可达显著水平 ( P < 0.05);而EM处理的土壤有效磷含量始终与CK没有显著差异。土壤接种菌株100天后,3个菌株处理的土壤酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶活性与CK均无显著差异,但对土壤中不同形态磷含量影响不同。P80处理显著提高H2O-Pi含量,P35显著提高了NaOH-Pi、NaHCO3-Pi含量,且P80的磷活化系数也显著高于CK。
    结论 溶磷菌株P35、P80对环境pH的适应能力较强,对磷酸钙和植酸钙有较强的溶解能力。P35活化磷的速度快,可能在土壤中引起磷的再固定,最终表现为提高了土壤无机磷中的NaOH-Pi和NaHCO3-Pi。菌株P80对磷的活化速度较P35慢,但其活化的磷主要表现为H2O-Pi含量的提高,更有利于玉米的吸收利用。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Phosphorous (P) is easily immobilized in soil and hardly converted to available P. The capacity of soil P activation and growth promotion of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria strains were studied for solving the problem in this paper.
    Methods Burkholderia XQP35 (P35) and Raoultella SQP80 (P80), which have been identified as high P solubilizing strains, were used as test materials. The calcium phosphate in liquid NBRIP medium was replaced by aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate, calcium phytate and lecithin respectively as the phosphorus source treatments, and the pH of the liquid NBRIP medium was adjusted to 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively. The dissolved P amount was measured at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h of incubation. A soil pot experiment was conducted using maize as test material. P35, P80 and commercial bacteria (EM) were inoculated in soil as treatments, taking no strain as control. The maize growth and soil available P contents were measured at the 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days of maize growth. The neutral and acid phosphatase activities, and the contents of P fractions in the soil samples of 100 days were measured.
    Results Both strain P35 and P80 were strong in activating calcium phosphate and calcium phytate, and poor in activating aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate and lecithin. The solubilizing capacity was affected by medium pH within 24 h for P35 and 48 h for P80, afterwards, the influence became less and the dissolved P amount reached stable with the incubation time. Strains P35 and P80 improved maize plant height, P uptake and dry weight significantly, and the plant dry weights were increased by 32% and 36%, compared with CK. At the 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days, the soil available P contents in both P35 and P80 strain treatments were always higher than those in CK and EM treatments, some time the differences were significant. While the soil available P contents in EM treatment never showed significant differences with CK. At the 100 day, the bacteria strains did not show significant effects on the activities of soil neutral and acid phosphatase, but on the contents of inorganic phosphorus fractions to different extent. P80 significantly increased H2O-Pi content, and P35 sighificantly in creased NaOH-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi contents, and the phosphorus activation coefficient was increased by P80 as well.
    Conclusions Phosphorous solubilizing strains P35 and P80 have strong solubility to calcium phosphate and calcium phytate and could adapt wide range of environmental pH conditions. P35 is fast in activation of P, which might cause the re-immobilization of P in soil as showed in the increased content of NaOH- Pi and NaHCO3-Pi at last. P80 is more effective than P35 as its relatively slow activation of P and mainly increase the content of H2O-Pi, which is more conducive to the absorption and utilization of maize.

     

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