• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
王玉娇, 王德梅, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 常旭虹, 石书兵, 赵广才. 不同生态区冬小麦材料产量和品质对追氮量的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(4): 719-727. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20541
引用本文: 王玉娇, 王德梅, 王艳杰, 杨玉双, 常旭虹, 石书兵, 赵广才. 不同生态区冬小麦材料产量和品质对追氮量的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(4): 719-727. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20541
WANG Yu-jiao, WANG De-mei, WANG Yan-jie, YANG Yu-shuang, CHANG Xu-hong, SHI Shu-bing, ZHAO Guang-cai. Response of yield and quality of winter wheat materials from different ecological regions to nitrogen topdressing rate[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(4): 719-727. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20541
Citation: WANG Yu-jiao, WANG De-mei, WANG Yan-jie, YANG Yu-shuang, CHANG Xu-hong, SHI Shu-bing, ZHAO Guang-cai. Response of yield and quality of winter wheat materials from different ecological regions to nitrogen topdressing rate[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2021, 27(4): 719-727. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20541

不同生态区冬小麦材料产量和品质对追氮量的响应

Response of yield and quality of winter wheat materials from different ecological regions to nitrogen topdressing rate

  • 摘要:
    目的 通过田间试验,研究拔节期不同量氮肥追施对来源于西藏高原生态区和北部冬麦生态区的冬小麦材料氮素积累、产量及加工品质的影响,为在不同生态区冬小麦的氮肥合理运筹提供理论依据和技术参考。
    方法 大田试验采用两因素随机区组设计,A因素为来源于西藏高原生态区的冬小麦材料藏冬25号、肥麦和来源于北部冬麦生态区的冬小麦材料08RH66B、09RH32B;B因素为拔节期追施氮量,分别为N 75和135 kg/hm2。于越冬、返青和拔节时期测定其总茎数变化趋势,于开花期和成熟期取样(分为茎秆、叶、穗和籽粒)测定氮素含量;测定了株高、穗粒数、容重、千粒重及产量,籽粒磨粉测定粗蛋白质含量、沉淀值、面筋含量和面团流变学特性。
    结果 4个小麦材料间的氮素含量、产量、蛋白质含量及加工品质有显著或极显著差异。来源于西藏高原生态区的2个材料株高极显著高于来源于北部冬麦生态区的小麦材料,但其千粒重和产量极显著低于后者。来源于西藏高原生态区的藏冬25号的氮素含量、产量、总蛋白质含量、沉淀值、吸水率、面团形成时间、稳定时间、粉质指数等各项指标均比肥麦高;来源于北部冬麦区的08RH66B的产量、沉淀值、吸水率、面团形成时间、稳定时间、粉质指数等指标均高于09RH32B。本试验中,追施氮素用量对各供试小麦材料的氮素积累量、产量、蛋白质组分及加工品质有显著或极显著影响,且均表现为正效应。
    结论 不同生态区冬小麦生育特性及需氮量有所不同,对氮肥追施量的响应也不相同,但是追施氮肥均显著提高了4个小麦材料的产量和加工质量。具体氮肥追施量还需要根据具体冬小麦材料来制定。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates at jointing stage on N accumulation, yield and processing quality of winter wheat materials from Tibet Plateau and the northern winter wheat ecological regions, to provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the rational management of nitrogen fertilizer in different ecological regions.
    Methods A field experiment adopting two-factor randomized block design was carried out. Factor A was winter wheat materials which consisted of Zangdong 25 and HeieHvede from Tibet Plateau ecological zone; as well as 08RH66B and 09RH32B from the northern winter wheat ecological zone. Factor B was N rate of topdressing: 75 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2 at the jointing stage. The grain number per spike, bulk density, thousand-grain weight and yield were measured, and the crude protein content, sedimentation value, gluten content and dough rheological properties were measured by grain milling. The total stem number of the wheat population was determined at the wintering, regreening and jointing stages, and the plant N content was determined at the flowering and mature stages.
    Results There were significant or extremely significant differences in N content, yield, protein content and processing quality among the four materials. The two materials from the Tibet Plateau ecological zone were significantly taller than the materials from the northern winter wheat ecological zone, but their thousand-grain weight and yield were significantly lower than the latter. The N content, yield, sedimentation value, water absorption, dough formation time, stable time, and flour quality index of Zangdong 25 from Tibetan Plateau and 08RH66B from the northern winter wheat ecological zone were respectively higher than those of HeieHvede and 09RH32B from the same ecological area. The rate of N topdressing significantly or extremely significantly enhanced the N accumulation, yield, protein content and processing quality of dough of all the tested materials.
    Conclusions The growth and development traits of winter wheat materials from different ecological zones are different, nitrogen demand varies significantly among winter wheat materials for adaptability and quality performance. The effect of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage is positive in increasing the yield and procession quality of wheat, although the optimum topdressing amount of nitrogen still need studied for specific wheat cultivar.

     

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