Abstract: An experiment was conducted to study the effect of humic bio-active fertilizer application on the growth of winter wheat and soil microbial activity. The results indicated that under the equivalent level of inorganic nutrition, winter wheat population grew steadily with the application of humic bio-active fertilizer, meanwhile the application of bio active fertilizer distinctly improved plant characters and enhanced plant resistance ability to adverse circumstance. Comparing the application of humic bio-activity fertilizer and inorganic compound and traditional fertilization, spike length increased 0.4 and 0.5 cm, flag leaf area increased 0.7 and 1.1cm2, and second root number increased 1.3 and 2.2, separately. For the treatment of humic bio-active fertilization, the effective spike, grain per spike and 1000-grain weight, which were constitution factors of yield, were notably higher than inorganic compound fertilization and traditional fertilization. The amount of increase in yield for humic bio-active fertilization and inorganic compound fertilization were 9.0% and 15.2% separately comparing to the traditional fertilization with the difference being significant. Meanwhile, the application of humic bio-active fertilizer could promote the multiplication of soil beneficial microorganism, cause the quantity of soil microbial population obvious increase, enhances activities of soil urease, the sucrase, the phosphatase and hydrogen peroxidase. It also had a certain function on the promotion of the fertilizer efficiency, the enhancement of soil fertility and the improvement of crops nutrition environment.