• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
GUO Xi-Jun, XIE Jun-hong, LI Ling-ling, WANG Jia-nan, KANG Cai-rui, PENG Zheng-kai, WANG Jin-bin, Setorkwami Fudjoe, WANG Lin-lin. Appropriate nitrogen fertilizer rate and organic N ratio for satisfactory photosynthesis and yield of maize in dry farming area of Longzhong, Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(5): 806-816. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19279
Citation: GUO Xi-Jun, XIE Jun-hong, LI Ling-ling, WANG Jia-nan, KANG Cai-rui, PENG Zheng-kai, WANG Jin-bin, Setorkwami Fudjoe, WANG Lin-lin. Appropriate nitrogen fertilizer rate and organic N ratio for satisfactory photosynthesis and yield of maize in dry farming area of Longzhong, Gansu Province[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(5): 806-816. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19279

Appropriate nitrogen fertilizer rate and organic N ratio for satisfactory photosynthesis and yield of maize in dry farming area of Longzhong, Gansu Province

  • Objective Gansu Province is characterized with dry climate and low soil fertility. Thus maize production relies heavily on input of chemical fertilizers. We investigated the appropriate N input and ratio of organic N in maize production to provide a theoretical and technical basis for the sustainable and high-yield maize production in this area.
    Methods From 2016 to 2018, a field experiment, using maize cultivar of Xianyu 335, was carried out in the Dry Farming Comprehensive Agricultural Experimental Station of Gansu Agricultural University in Lijiapu Town, Dingxi City. There were 6 treatments in which the total N rate was all 200 kg/hm2 with the organic N percentage of 50.0%, 37.5%, 25.0%, 12.5% and 0% (expressed as T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6), and three increased N input treatments with N rate and contained organic N percentage of 225 kg/hm2 and 22.2% (T7), 250 kg/hm2 and 40.0% (T8), and 275 kg/hm2 and 54.5% (T9). At the same time, no N fertilization was used as control (T1). The photosynthetic index and dry matter accumulation were measured at jointing, tasseling and grain-filling stage, and the yield and yield composition were measured at maturing stage of maize.
    Results Under the same N rate, the higher percentage of organic N did not bring higher chlorophyll content and leaf area index of maize, and did not improve the photosynthetic efficiency significantly as well. While increasing the total N rate increased the leaf area index, photosynthetic efficiency and dry matter accumulation of maize. At the flowering stage, the photosynthetic efficiency in T2–T5 treatments was lower than that in T6, while at the grain filling stage, there was no significant difference of dry matter accumulation between organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer treatment and chemical fertilizer treatment under the same N application rate. At maturing stage, the dry matter allocation rate in grains in T8 (organic N 40.0%) and T2 (organic N 50.0%) were higher than those in the others, with the accumulation rate of 56.9% and 56.0%, respectively. However, the yield of T8 (organic N 40%) was lower than that of T6 (organic N 0%). In the wet year, higher N input did not increase the biological yields and grain yields; in the dry year, significantly higher grain yields were obtained in T3 (organic N 37.5%) and T2 (organic N 50.0%).
    Conclusions Under the implementation of membrane dual-grain maize planting technology, the appropriate total N input for maize production is 200 kg/hm2. At the jointing stage of maize, the increased organic N input tends to lower the photosynthetic efficiency, but the increased dry matter accumulation and distribution to gains will compensate the disadvantage, and achieve both high yield and high nitrogen efficiency as a whole. Therefore, nitrogen input N 200 kg/hm2 with organic fertilizer ratio not higher than 50% is thought available in the tested region.
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