• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
盛海君, 杜岩, 施凯峰, 单玉华, 封克. 碳调节剂降低次生盐渍化土壤中可溶性盐含量的可行性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(1): 192-200. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.14293
引用本文: 盛海君, 杜岩, 施凯峰, 单玉华, 封克. 碳调节剂降低次生盐渍化土壤中可溶性盐含量的可行性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(1): 192-200. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.14293
SHENG Hai-jun, DU Yan, SHI Kai-feng, SHAN Yu-hua, FENG Ke. Feasibility of mitigating the secondary salinization in greenhouse soil by carbon regulator[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2016, 22(1): 192-200. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.14293
Citation: SHENG Hai-jun, DU Yan, SHI Kai-feng, SHAN Yu-hua, FENG Ke. Feasibility of mitigating the secondary salinization in greenhouse soil by carbon regulator[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2016, 22(1): 192-200. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.14293

碳调节剂降低次生盐渍化土壤中可溶性盐含量的可行性

Feasibility of mitigating the secondary salinization in greenhouse soil by carbon regulator

  • 摘要: 【目的】设施土壤次生盐渍化主要是由于氮肥施用过多造成的硝酸盐在表土中的累积。本研究根据碳/氮互作原理,向次生盐渍化土壤中添加碳调节剂(秸秆+腐解菌),探讨其降低土壤可溶性盐含量的可行性。【方法】碳调节剂主要以小麦成熟期秸秆磨成粉加入快腐菌剂制成。采用盆钵试验方法,土壤盐分动态试验在每盆2.5 kg土壤中添加150 g碳调节剂,调节剂用量试验在每盆中添加0(CK)、 30(T1)、 60 (T2)、 90(T3)、 120(T4)、 150(T5)和180 g/pot(T6)碳调节剂,进行短期(7 d)和长期(90 d)培养,并在培养过程中测定土壤溶液的电导率、 可溶性盐含量及离子组成。【结果】盐分动态试验监测结果表明,土壤中加入碳调节剂后,明显增加了起始电导值,随培养进行,电导值不断下降,呈二项式关系(y=0.0138x2-0.2681x+3.7768,r=0.9966**),7 d以后基本趋于稳定。碳调节剂用量试验结果表明,培养7 d后,添加碳调节剂的所有处理其水溶性盐含量均较对照有极显著下降,下降幅度随调节剂用量的增加而增加。培养90 d后,添加碳调节剂的各处理土壤水溶性盐呈现进一步下降趋势。与培养7 d时相比,T3和T4处理降幅最为明显,其中T4处理在培养7 d已降低23.82%的基础上又降低了9.14%,总降幅达到32.96%,该结果说明碳调节剂的加入,其长期效应也是不可忽视的。无论是短期培养还是长期培养,只要加入碳调节剂,土壤溶液中的硝酸根浓度均明显下降,最多可使硝酸根浓度降低97.10%,这些结果说明,通过向次生盐渍化土壤中加入碳调节剂来降低硝酸根含量的方法是可行的。碳调节剂还可大幅增加土壤速效钾的含量,其中T6处理使土壤水溶性钾浓度提高了近10倍,但对速效磷的补充有限。长期培养90 d,速效氮、 磷、 钾养分的变化与短期培养7 d相似,只是铵态氮和硝态氮进一步明显减少。【结论】综合考虑经济效益,理论上碳调节剂用量在36 g/kg(T3处理)和48 g/kg(T4处理)之间较为合适,但实际田间用量需经过大田生产过程加以进一步验正。

     

    Abstract: 【Objectives】Over application of nitrogen fertilizer leads to high level nitrate accumulation in the top layer, which has been considered as the main cause of secondary salinization in greenhouse soils. Based on the principle of carbon/nitrogen interactions, a carbon regulator, composed of crop straw and fast decomposing microbial strains, was developed and added to a salinized greenhouse soil to investigate the effect of the regulator on reducing soil soluble salt content. 【Methods】 Two pot experiments were carried out and 2.5 kg of satirized soil from a greenhouse was added to each pot. In the salt monitoring experiment, 150 g of carbon regulator was added to each pot and the electro-conductivity (EC) of soil was measured during the 10 days incubation. In the salt regulator dosage experiment, six rates of the regulator, 0 (CK), 30 (T1), 60 (T2), 90 (T3), 120 (T4), 150 (T5) and 180 (T6) g/pot were added and the composition and concentration of soluble salts, the EC of soil solution were determined after short term (7 d) and longer term (90 d) incubation. 【Results】 The soil EC was elevated by the addition of carbon regulator at the beginning of the experiment, then declined with the incubation continuing. The dynamic of soil EC with the incubation time fitted with a quadratic curve: y=3.7768 - 0.2681x + 0.0138x2 (r=0.9966**) and the EC was stable after 7 d incubation. In the dosage experiment, the salt contents at the 7th day of incubation in all treatments significantly declined, compared with that in CK, and the salt content declined more in the treatments with higher rates of regulator addition. After 90 days' incubation, the salt content was observed further declined in all treatments with regulator addition, especially in T3 and T4. In T4, the salt content deceased by 23.8% after 7 day's incubation and further reduced by 9.14% at the end of incubation. The total salt content in T4 reduced by 32.96%. These data indicated the long term and apparent effect of the regulator. The addition of regulator could reduce nitrate content in the soil with both the short and long term incubation, and the reduction of NO-3 in soil solution could be as high as 97.10% by adding carbon regulator, which suggested that adding carbon regulator to reduce NO-3 content in salinized soil was feasible. Furthermore, the addition of carbon regulator caused a significant increase of available K, and soluble K+ concentration of soil solution, which was approximately 10 times higher in T6 than that in CK. But the effect on available P was elevated slightly. All the change pattern of available N, P and K showed similar trends in both the long term (90 d) and short term (7 d) incubation, but those of NH+4 and NO-3 were decreased after longer term incubation. 【Conclusions】The recommended rates of carbon regulator were between 36 g/kg (T3) and 48 g/kg (T4). Further study is needed to verify the mitigation effect of the regulator on the secondary salinization in field scale.

     

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