• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张丽娟, 曲继松, 朱倩楠, 吴涛. 不同剂量外源纤维素酶对设施土壤生物活性与番茄生长的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(4): 1089-1094. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.16323
引用本文: 张丽娟, 曲继松, 朱倩楠, 吴涛. 不同剂量外源纤维素酶对设施土壤生物活性与番茄生长的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(4): 1089-1094. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.16323
ZHANG Li-juan, QU Ji-song, ZHU Qian-nan, WU Tao. Effects of exogenous cellulase with different dosages on the biological activity and tomato growth in greenhouse soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2017, 23(4): 1089-1094. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.16323
Citation: ZHANG Li-juan, QU Ji-song, ZHU Qian-nan, WU Tao. Effects of exogenous cellulase with different dosages on the biological activity and tomato growth in greenhouse soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2017, 23(4): 1089-1094. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.16323

不同剂量外源纤维素酶对设施土壤生物活性与番茄生长的影响

Effects of exogenous cellulase with different dosages on the biological activity and tomato growth in greenhouse soil

  • 摘要:
    目的土壤纤维素酶活性在一定程度上反映土壤生物化学过程的强度及土壤肥力水平。本研究主要探讨了添加外源纤维素酶对设施土壤环境及栽培作物的积极影响,以期为设施土壤改良和质量提升提供参考。
    方法以番茄‘芬达’为试材进行了盆栽试验。在设施土壤上设置添加外源纤维素酶:0、3、6、9、12、15 kg/hm2,分别用CK、T1、T2、T3、T4和T5表示,共6个处理。结果初期测定了番茄叶片光合指标,结果初期、结果盛期、采收盛期分别取土样测定了土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、SOD、碱性磷酸酶活性,以及土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,果实成熟期分批测产。
    结果同一生育期,随酶制剂用量的增加,土壤微生物数量及酶活性均先增加后降低。与CK相比,细菌、真菌、放线菌最高分别增加了996.8% (结果盛期的T4)、801.4% (采收盛期的T3) 和314.6% (坐果初期的T3);坐果初期T3的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、SOD及采收初期T3的碱性磷酸酶活性提高较多,分别较CK增加了214.3%、424.3%、254.0%和44.0%;同时添加外源纤维素酶对番茄株高、茎粗以及Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci等光合指标的提高有促进作用,增加了番茄产量,T3的番茄产量最高,达到55188 kg/hm2
    结论适当添加外源纤维素酶,在提高土壤本身纤维素酶活性的同时也增强了其他土壤酶活性,促进了土壤中微生物的积累和繁殖,从而改善了土壤环境,并促进蔬菜作物健康生长,提高了作物产量。9 kg/hm2为本试验推荐的应用于设施土壤的纤维素酶最佳使用量。

     

    Abstract:
    ObjectivesThe activity of soil cellulase reflects the intensity of soil biochemical process and the level of soil fertility to some extent. The positive effects of adding exogenous cellulase on soil environment and cultivated crops were studied in this paper to provide a reference for facility soil quality improvement.
    MethodsTomato cultivar ‘Fanta’ was used as the test material in a pot experiment. Cellulase was added in 6 dosage into the soil, blank treatment was included. Effects of different exogenous cellulase on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were investigated in different growth stages of tomato, and the photosynthetic parameters and tomato yields were measured.
    Results For all the investigated periods, the population of microorganism and the activities of soil enzymes were increased first and then decreased with the increase of the cellulose dosage, with the lowest in CK. Compared with CK, the highest increase in the population of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes was 996.8% in T4 at fruiting period, 801.4% in T3 at harvest period and 314.6% in T3 at early fruit period, respectively; the highest increase in the activities of soil urease, invertase and SOD was in T3 in early fruit period and that of alkaline phosphatase activity was in T3 in early harvest period, the increases were 214.3%, 424.3%, 254.0% and 44.0% in turn. The addition of exogenous cellulase performed positive effects on the tomato plant height, stem diameter and photosynthetic indexes including Pn, Tr, Gs and Ci. The highest yield of tomato was appeared in T3, reaching 55188 kg/hm2.
    ConclusionsAddition of suitable amount of exogenous cellulase could improve the activity of soil enzymes, promote the accumulation and reproduction of soil microorganisms, accordingly improve the soil environment, and promote the healthy growth of vegetable crops. The recommended dosage of cellulase is 9 kg/hm2 for the facility soil in this test.

     

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