• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张健, 李燕婷, 袁亮, 赵秉强, 李伟, 张水勤, 李絮花. 氨基酸发酵尾液可促进樱桃番茄对水溶肥料氮素的吸收利用[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1): 114-121. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17088
引用本文: 张健, 李燕婷, 袁亮, 赵秉强, 李伟, 张水勤, 李絮花. 氨基酸发酵尾液可促进樱桃番茄对水溶肥料氮素的吸收利用[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1): 114-121. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17088
ZHANG Jian, LI Yan-ting, YUAN Liang, ZHAO Bing-qiang, LI Wei, ZHANG Shui-qin, LI Xu-hua. Tail liquid from amino acid fermentation could improve the uptake and utilization of water soluble fertilizer nitrogen by cherry tomato[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1): 114-121. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17088
Citation: ZHANG Jian, LI Yan-ting, YUAN Liang, ZHAO Bing-qiang, LI Wei, ZHANG Shui-qin, LI Xu-hua. Tail liquid from amino acid fermentation could improve the uptake and utilization of water soluble fertilizer nitrogen by cherry tomato[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1): 114-121. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.17088

氨基酸发酵尾液可促进樱桃番茄对水溶肥料氮素的吸收利用

Tail liquid from amino acid fermentation could improve the uptake and utilization of water soluble fertilizer nitrogen by cherry tomato

  • 摘要:
    目的 氨基酸发酵尾液因富含多种有机营养成分,近年来被作为增效材料在肥料生产领域广泛应用。本文利用15N标记技术,研究了氨基酸发酵尾液对水溶肥料氮素利用效果的影响。
    方法 以樱桃番茄为供试作物进行盆栽试验。试验共设置8个肥料处理,分别为:焦磷酸钾和氯化钾为材料配制水溶肥料 (F,N–P2O5–K2O比例为0–14–24);15N尿素 (15N丰度为10.46%)、焦磷酸钾和氯化钾为材料配制水溶肥料 (P,N–P2O5–K2O比例为18–14–24);在两个肥料基础上分别添加谷氨酸发酵尾液 (H)、赖氨酸和苏氨酸混合尾液 (B) 和聚合谷氨酸尾液 (S) 配制水溶肥料FH、FB、FS、PH、PB和PS(发酵尾液添加量为200 g/L)。每个处理重复6次,随机区组排列。供试肥料于番茄定植、坐果、膨果、初果和盛果五个时期等量施入,其中,肥料P、PH、PB和PS按等尿素氮量施入,每次施入量为纯氮60 mg/kg风干土,肥料F、FH、FB和FS保持相同施入量。植株保留三穗果实打顶,收获后测量番茄株高、茎粗、生物量和产量,并对植株各部和收获后土壤中全氮含量和15N丰度进行测定。
    结果 1) 水溶肥料添加氨基酸发酵尾液可以明显优化肥料氮素在促生、增产方面的作用效果。与P处理相比,PH、PB和PS处理的番茄株高、茎粗、地上部干重、根干重和果实产量分别平均增加17.7%、3.8%、8.5%、12.5%和4.8%。2) 水溶肥料添加氨基酸发酵尾液可以显著提高植株对肥料氮素的吸收量,增加叶片、果实等主要功能部位的肥料氮累积量,提高氮素利用率。较P处理,施用水溶肥料PH、PB和PS处理的番茄植株总氮吸收量、肥料氮吸收量分别平均增加8.1%和9.9%,叶片、果实等主要功能部位肥料氮累积量分别平均增加18.2%和8.0%,肥料氮素利用率平均提高9.9%。
    结论 水溶肥料中添加氨基酸发酵尾液,可以显著促进作物生长,增加作物产量,促进作物对肥料氮的吸收累积,从而有效地提高作物对水溶肥料中氮素的吸收利用。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Tail liquid from amino acid fermentation is rich in organic nutrients, and has been added into fertilizers as a kind of synergistic material in recent years. In this paper, the effects of amino acid fermentation tail liquid on fertilizer nitrogen utilization were studied using the 15N tracing technique.
    Methods Cherry tomato was selected as test materials in a pot experiment. Base water soluble fertilizer (F) was prepared by mixing potassium pyrophosphate and potassium chloride (N-P2O5-K2O ratio is 0-14-24); fertilizer (P) was made by adding 15N urea (15N abundance was 10.5%, N-P2O5-K2O ratio is 18-14-24); the fermentation tail liquids of glutamic acid (H), lysine and threonine acids (B) and polyglutamic acid (S) were added with 200 g/L into fertilizer F and P, to form fertilizer FH, FB, FS, PH, PB and PS. For F based fertilizer experiment, all the fertilizer was applied at the same amount of urea, which was urea N 60 mg/kg soil. For the P based fertilizer experiment, all the fertilizer was applied in the same fertilizer amount. All the fertilizers were applied evenly at five growing stages of tomato. Tomato was harvested with three ear fruit, and the height, stem diameter, biomass, yield of cherry tomato were investigated. The total nitrogen content and 15N abundance in each part of plants and soils were analyzed.
    Results 1) Addition of amino acid fermentation tail liquids could significantly improve the effect of fertilizer. Compared with base fertilizer P, fertilizer PH, PB and PS increased the plant height, stem diameter, above-ground weight, dry root weight and yields by 17.7%, 3.8%, 8.5%, 12.5% and 4.8%, respectively. 2) Addition of amino acid fermentation tail liquids could enhance the fertilizer nitrogen uptake, increase the accumulation of fertilizer nitrogen in leaf and fruit significantly, which ensured the apparent increase of the utilization of fertilizer nitrogen. Compared with fertilizer P, the averaged plant total nitrogen uptake, fertilizer nitrogen uptake, fertilizer nitrogen accumulation in leaf and fruit, and the utilization rate of fertilizer nitrogen under the new fertilizers PH, PB and PS, were increased by 8.1%, 9.9%, 18.2%, 8.0% and 9.9%, respectively.
    Conclusions Water soluble fertilizer mixed with amino acid fermentation tail liquid could promote crop growth, yield and the uptake of fertilizer nitrogen. Therefore, the amino acid fermentation tail liquid could efficiently improve the uptake and utilization of water soluble fertilizer nitrogen by crop.

     

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