<i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> Pb-4对穴盘育苗番茄生长及生理特性的影响

武爱莲; 郭珺; 丁玉川; 闫敏; 王立革; 王劲松; 董二伟; 焦晓燕

doi:10.11674/zwyf.17128

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4对穴盘育苗番茄生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4 on growth and physiological characteristics of tomato under the condition of plug seeding

摘要

摘要:
目的以穴盘育苗番茄为试材，研究分析了Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4对植物的促生作用及应用潜力，为该菌在番茄穴盘育苗上的应用提供理论依据。
方法采用穴盘育苗的方法，以Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4在PYJ培养基中培养48 h的发酵液为接种剂，设置不接种 (CK) 和接种20 (T20)、60 (T60)、100 (T100) 和200 (T200) mL/L 基质5个处理，番茄幼苗四叶一心时取样分析其生理指标。
结果 1) Pb-4显著促进了番茄幼苗地上部的生长，其中T100处理的促生作用最强，株高、茎粗、叶面积以及地上部干重较CK处理显著增加了28.5%、23.9%、57.4%和42.4%，而T200处理的促生作用下降；Pb-4促进了番茄幼苗根系的生长，显著增加了根系直径大于0.5 mm的根长占总根长的比重，T20处理的根表面积和根体积最大，较CK处理显著增加了16.9%和34.2%，但与T100处理间差异不显著。2) Pb-4显著增加了番茄幼苗光合色素含量，其中T100处理的总叶绿素含量最高，CK处理最低，T20、T60、T100和T200处理分别较CK处理增加5.8%、9.4%、12.6%和7.6%；Pb-4提高了番茄幼苗茎、叶中IAA和GA₃的含量，而对根中IAA和GA₃的含量没有影响。3) 相关性分析表明，番茄株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上部干重与叶片光合色素含量、茎中IAA、GA₃以及叶片中GA₃的含量显著相关，而根系干重与光合色素含量、茎中IAA含量显著相关，根表面积与叶片IAA以及根系中GA₃的含量显著相关，根体积与叶片中IAA含量显著相关。
结论 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4可促进番茄幼苗地上部生长，改变根系形态特征，提高番茄叶片光合色素以及不同器官中IAA和GA₃含量，其对番茄幼苗的促生作用在施用量为100 mL/L基质时最佳，超过该施用量促生作用降低。

Abstract:
Objectives Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4, as a kind of bacillus strain, can antagonize the fusarium wilt of tomato and promote plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the promotion effect of Pb-4 on plant growth and its appropriate application dosage.
Methods The experiment consisted of 5 treatments, including 0, 20, 60, 100 and 200 mL/L matrix according to the dosage levels of the fermentation broth. The seedling growth index, physiological parameters and their relationship were investigated and analyzed using conventional physiological techniques.
Results 1) The application of Pb-4 fermentation broth promoted the tomato growth. The highest tomato height, stem diameter, leaf area and shoot dry weight were observed in the 100 mL/L treatment and were increased by 28.5%, 23.9%, 57.4% and 42.4% compared to CK, respectively. The largest root surface area and volume were observed in the 20 mL/L treatment, and were increased by 16.9% and 34.2%. 2) The Pb-4 application increased the contents of chlorophyll, GA₃ and IAA. Compared to CK, the chlorophyll content was increased by 12.6% in the T100 treatment, followed by 9.4%, 7.6% and 5.8% in the 60, 200 and 20 mL/L treatments compared to CK, respectively. The IAA and GA₃ contents in stems and leaves of tomato seedlings were increased by applying fermentation liquid but those in roots were not significantly affected. 3) Correlation analysis showed that the tomato height, stem diameter, leaf area and shoot dry weight were significantly correlated with leaf photosynthetic pigment contents, the contents of IAA and GA₃ in stems, and GA₃ in leaves. The root dry weight was significantly correlated with photosynthetic pigment contents, and IAA contents in stems. The root surface area was significantly correlated with the contents of IAA in leaves and GA₃ in roots. The root volume was significantly correlated with the IAA contents in leaves.
Conclusions Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4 could promote shoot and root growth of tomato seedlings, improve their photosynthetic pigment, IAA and GA₃ contents. The appropriate concentration is 100 mL/L fermentation broth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Pb-4 for plug seedings in tomato.

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