• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
王迎男, 高娃, 郜翻身, 朴明姬, 樊明寿, 贾立国, 柳昱, 郑海春. 内蒙古马铃薯主产区基础地力及增产潜力研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1345-1353. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18197
引用本文: 王迎男, 高娃, 郜翻身, 朴明姬, 樊明寿, 贾立国, 柳昱, 郑海春. 内蒙古马铃薯主产区基础地力及增产潜力研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1345-1353. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18197
WANG Ying-nan, GAO Wa, GAO Fan-shen, PIAO Ming-ji, FAN Ming-shou, JIA Li-guo, LIU Yu, ZHENG Hai-chun. Inherent soil productivity and yield-increasing potential of potato in main production areas in Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1345-1353. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18197
Citation: WANG Ying-nan, GAO Wa, GAO Fan-shen, PIAO Ming-ji, FAN Ming-shou, JIA Li-guo, LIU Yu, ZHENG Hai-chun. Inherent soil productivity and yield-increasing potential of potato in main production areas in Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1345-1353. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18197

内蒙古马铃薯主产区基础地力及增产潜力研究

Inherent soil productivity and yield-increasing potential of potato in main production areas in Inner Mongolia

  • 摘要:
    目的 内蒙古是我国马铃薯主产省份之一,探究内蒙古马铃薯主产区基础地力状况,评价基础地力和施肥对马铃薯产量的关系,为指导不同生态区及土壤肥力下的马铃薯科学施肥提供理论依据。
    方法 收集2006—2015年在内蒙古4个马铃薯主产区开展的1118个试验点无肥区 (CK) 和施氮磷钾肥 (NPK) 处理的马铃薯产量数据。以无肥区马铃薯产量来评价土壤的基础地力,计算基础地力对产量的贡献率。采用边界线拟合方法预测马铃薯最大潜在产量,计算其可获得的产量差,进而明确基础地力对主产区马铃薯产量及产量差的影响。采用稳定性指数和可持续性指数,评估基础地力对马铃薯产量稳定性和可持续性的影响。
    结果 内蒙古阴山南麓区、阴山北麓区、燕山丘陵区、大兴安岭北麓区马铃薯基础地力产量分别为13.10、14.67、15.71和16.45 t/hm2;氮磷钾推荐施肥产量依次在20.90、23.17、25.34、26.54 t/hm2;平均基础地力贡献率分别为57.6%、62.7%、63.9%和66.2%。随着土壤基础地力的提升,土壤基础地力对产量的贡献率逐渐增大。马铃薯施肥产量与土壤基础地力呈显著正相关,阴山南麓区、阴山北麓区、燕山丘陵区、大兴安岭北麓区马铃薯施肥产量与土壤基础地力直线拟合决定系数分别为0.769、0.876、0.770和0.790 (P < 0.0001)。随着土壤基础地力的提升,马铃薯施肥产量与预测的最高施肥产量的差值变小,施肥产量的稳定性指数下降,可持续性指数增大。
    结论 内蒙古马铃薯各主产区的土壤基础地力产量、施肥产量及地力贡献率存在差异,其中,燕山丘陵区、大兴安岭北麓区的马铃薯基础地力产量、施肥产量及地力贡献率指标均显著高于阴山南麓区。阴山南麓区、阴山北麓区、燕山丘陵区、大兴安岭北麓区施肥可获得的最高预测产量分别为53.68、62.87、65.39和69.65 t/hm2。土壤基础地力与马铃薯施用化肥的增产效果呈显著负相关,土壤基础地力的提高增大了产量的可持续性指数,有利于马铃薯的高产、稳产。随着土壤基础地力的提升,土壤对产量的贡献率增加,施肥可获得的产量潜力增大。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Inner Mongolia is one of the main potato production areas in China. The indigenous soil productivities (ISP) and their effects on potato yields with and without fertilization in the main production areas of Inner Mongolia were evaluated, which would provide theoretical basis for tailoring fertilization in different ecological regions.
    Methods Yield data were collected from the 1118 potato field trials located at the southern foot of Yin Mountain (SYMt), northern foot of Yin Mountain (NYMt), the hilly area of Yan Mountain (HYMt) and the northern foot of Greater Khingan Range (NGKR) in Inner Mongolia during 2006 to 2015. The potato yields in the treatment of no fertilization were used to calculate the indigenous soil productivities (ISPs) and their contribution to potato yields in the fertilization treatment. Yield increase potential of potato was predicted by the boundary line fitting method. And the yield gaps between the predicted maximum yield and the current yield under recommended fertilization were calculated. The stability and sustainability indexes were used to assess the effect of ISP on potato yield stability and sustainability.
    Results The yield of ISP in SYMt, NYMt, HYMt and NGKR were 13.10, 14.67, 15.71 and 16.45 t/hm2; the fertilization yields were 20.90, 23.17, 25.34, 26.54 t/hm2; the corresponding contribution of ISP to potato yield were 57.6%, 62.7%, 63.9% and 66.2%, respectively. With the improvement of inherent soil productivity, the contribution rate of soil base fertility to yield increased gradually. The potato yields obtained with fertilization were significantly and positively correlated with inherent soil productivity, and the linear fitting coefficient between potato yield and ISP were 0.769, 0.876, 0.770 and 0.790 (P < 0.0001) in SYMt, NYMt, HYMt and NGKR, respectively. With the improvement of inherent soil productivity, the yield gaps between the predicted maximum yields. And the current fertilization yields decreased, and the stability index decreased while the sustainability index increased for yield under fertilization.
    Conclusions The inherent soil productivity, yield under fertilization and contribution rate of soil productivity are varied among the four main potato production areas in Inner Mongolia, and those in HYMt and NGKR areas are significantly higher than those in SYMt. The predicted highest potato yield by fertilization in SYMt, NYMt, HYMt and NGKR are 53.68、62.87、65.39 and 69.65 t/hm2, respectively. There is a significant negative correlation between inherent soil productivity and the current yield potential. The improvement of inherent soil productivity will decrease the stability index and increase the sustainability index of potato yield by fertilization.

     

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