• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
李荣发, 刘鹏, 董树亭, 张吉旺, 赵斌. 肥料配施枯草芽孢杆菌对夏玉米产量及养分利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(9): 1607-1614. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18344
引用本文: 李荣发, 刘鹏, 董树亭, 张吉旺, 赵斌. 肥料配施枯草芽孢杆菌对夏玉米产量及养分利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(9): 1607-1614. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18344
LI Rong-fa, LIU Peng, DONG Shu-ting, ZHANG Ji-wang, ZHAO Bin. Effect of combined application of fertilizer and bacillus subtilis on grain yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency of summer maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(9): 1607-1614. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18344
Citation: LI Rong-fa, LIU Peng, DONG Shu-ting, ZHANG Ji-wang, ZHAO Bin. Effect of combined application of fertilizer and bacillus subtilis on grain yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency of summer maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(9): 1607-1614. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18344

肥料配施枯草芽孢杆菌对夏玉米产量及养分利用的影响

Effect of combined application of fertilizer and bacillus subtilis on grain yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency of summer maize (Zea mays L.)

  • 摘要:
    目的 枯草芽孢杆菌能增加土壤养分、改善土壤结构、提高化肥利用率,并能促使土壤中的有机质分解,促进作物生长,提高产量。研究枯草芽孢杆菌与肥料配施对夏玉米产量、肥料吸收利用的影响,为提高肥料的增产效果、降低农业面源污染提供理论指导。
    方法 2016和2017年以登海605(DH605) 为试验材料,设置不施氮肥 (CK)、单施化肥 (N)、单施牛粪 (M)、牛粪 + 枯草芽孢杆菌 (MB)、化肥 + 枯草芽孢杆菌 (NB) 5个处理,分析了夏玉米产量和肥料吸收利用状况。
    结果 牛粪配施枯草芽孢杆菌处理的籽粒产量及肥料利用效率最高,显著高于单施牛粪处理。与单施牛粪相比,牛粪配施枯草芽孢杆菌两年产量平均增幅为20.2%,植株氮、磷、钾积累量平均增幅分别为30.8%、63.5%、30.8%,肥料偏生产力平均提高20.7%;化肥配施枯草芽孢杆菌两年产量平均值比单施化肥提高2.55%,植株氮、磷、钾积累量平均增幅分别为12.5%、10.6%、3.84%,肥料偏生产力平均提高3.18%。牛粪配施枯草芽孢杆菌的经济效益比单施牛粪提高16.9%,化肥配施枯草芽孢杆菌的经济效益与单施化肥基本相同。分析表明,植株干物质积累量和氮素积累量,尤其是花后干物质和氮素积累的增加是增产增效的主要原因。其中牛粪配施枯草芽孢杆菌的效果要优于化肥配施枯草芽孢杆菌。
    结论 肥料配施枯草芽孢杆菌能显著增加夏玉米的干物质积累量及产量,促进肥料的吸收利用。在施用氮肥的基础上,配施适量的枯草芽孢杆菌不仅能实现增产增效的目的,还能提高玉米的经济效益。有机肥配施枯草芽孢杆菌是实现夏玉米节肥增效的有效措施之一。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Bacillus subtilis can improve soil nutrients, soil structure and fertilizer utilization efficiency, and promote decomposition of organic matter, crop growth and yield. Better understanding the effects of combined application of bacillus subtilis and fertilizer on nutrient uptake and utilization, and yield of summer maize can provide theoretical basis for increasing fertilizers efficiency and reducing agricultural non-point source pollutions.
    Methods A field experiment was conducted in 2016 and 2017 using a high yielding maize cultivar of Denghai605. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments: no N fertilizer (CK), urea (U), manure (M), manure plus bacillus subtilis (MB), and urea plus bacillus subtilis (NB). The attributes of yield and fertilizer utilization of summer maize under different fertilization modes were analyzed.
    Results Among the treatments, MB treatment had the best effect. Compared with M treatment, yield increase of MB treatment was 20.2%, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was increased by 30.8%, 63.5% and 30.8%, respectively, the partial productivity of fertilizer was increased by 20.7% on average in two years. Compared with U treatment, yield increase of UB treatment was 2.55%, the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was increased by 12.5%, 10.6% and 3.84%, the partial productivity of fertilizer was increased by 3.18% on average in two years. The economic benefit of MB treatment was 16.9% higher than that of M treatment, and that of UB treatment was almost the same as that of U treatment. The yield and efficiency improvement was mainly result from dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation, especially during post-silking period. The effect of manure plus bacillus subtilis treatment was better than that of urea plus bacillus subtilis treatment.
    Conclusions Combined application of bacillus subtilis and fertilizers increases the biomass and yield of summer maize, and improves the nutrient accumulation and utilization. On the basis of the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the appropriate dose of bacillus subtilis not only increases yield and efficiency, but also improves economic benefits of maize. Manure with bacillus subtilis is one of the important measures to increase the fertilizer efficiency of summer maize.

     

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