• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
李芳, 郝志鹏, 陈保冬. 菌根植物适应低磷胁迫的分子机制[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(11): 1989-1997. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18490
引用本文: 李芳, 郝志鹏, 陈保冬. 菌根植物适应低磷胁迫的分子机制[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(11): 1989-1997. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18490
LI Fang, HAO Zhi-peng, CHEN Bao-dong. Molecular mechanism for the adaption of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to phosphorus deficiency[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(11): 1989-1997. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18490
Citation: LI Fang, HAO Zhi-peng, CHEN Bao-dong. Molecular mechanism for the adaption of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to phosphorus deficiency[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(11): 1989-1997. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18490

菌根植物适应低磷胁迫的分子机制

Molecular mechanism for the adaption of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to phosphorus deficiency

  • 摘要: 丛枝菌根 (AM) 真菌能够和绝大多数陆生植物建立共生体系,对于植物适应低磷胁迫具有重要作用。已有很多研究从不同角度揭示了宿主植物和AM真菌协同适应低磷胁迫的生理机制,并已深入到分子和信号水平。本文归纳了近年来相关研究成果,从磷胁迫信号感知、有机酸分泌、磷酸酶与激素合成相关基因、磷酸盐转运蛋白基因、转录因子与小分子物质miRNA等若干方面讨论了菌根共生体系响应和适应磷胁迫的分子机理,重点介绍了1) 环境磷浓度作为营养信号诱发菌根植物的生理响应过程及其在共生体系建立中的关键作用;2) AM真菌调节植物激素平衡进而影响植物生长发育和根系构型的生理机制;3) 丛枝菌根涉及的植物、真菌以及菌根特异诱导植物产生的磷酸盐转运蛋白基因在磷酸盐摄取中的特殊作用及可能调控机制;4) 转录因子作为感知磷胁迫信号和调控转录表达水平的枢纽,在增强植物适应磷胁迫能力方面的重要贡献。这些因素既单独作用又相互关联,共同构成菌根植物适应磷胁迫的分子调控网络。未来需要着重加强菌根共生界面的磷转运机制、菌根植物适应低磷胁迫的转录因子调节,以及各调控因子相互作用研究,从而全面揭示菌根植物适应低磷胁迫的分子调控网络,为发展和应用菌根技术调控植物磷营养奠定理论基础。

     

    Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, a ubiquitous symbiotic association established between AM fungi and roots of most higher plants in terrestrial ecosystems, is essentially important for plant adaptation to various environmental stresses, especially for phosphorus (P) deficiency. Many studies uncovered the physiological mechanisms of AM plant adaptation to P deficiency, while recent studies have reached the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this mini-review we summarized the molecular mechanism of plant and mycorrhizal fungi sensing P stress, secretion of organic acids, regulation of phosphatase and hormone biosynthesis genes, and also the potential role of P transporters, transcription factors and small molecule miRNAs in regulating the response of AM symbiosis to low P stress. We specially introduced the research progresses in: 1) the key roles of environmental P concentration as nutritional signal initiating the establishment of AM symbiotic system; 2) regulation of phytohormone balance by AM fungi and subsequent influences on plant growth and development and root architecture; 3) the involvements of plant, fungi and mycorrhiza specifically induced phosphate transporter genes in P uptake and the regulating mechanisms; 4) the important roles of transcription factors in sensing P stress and regulating the expression of functional genes, and their importance in plant tolerance to P stress. These factors are functionally distinct but also interact with each other, and constitute a complex regulatory network for plant adaptation to P stress. Future research should deep into the mechanisms of P transport at the mycorrhizal symbiotic interface, the regulation of transcription factors relevant to plant adaptation to low P stress, and the interaction of various regulatory factors. Such work would provide strong support to the development and application of mycorrhizal technology for improving plant P nutrition.

     

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