• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
戚瑞敏, 温延臣, 赵秉强, 林治安, 李志杰, 李娟. 长期不同施肥潮土活性有机氮库组分与酶活性对外源牛粪的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1265-1276. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18516
引用本文: 戚瑞敏, 温延臣, 赵秉强, 林治安, 李志杰, 李娟. 长期不同施肥潮土活性有机氮库组分与酶活性对外源牛粪的响应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(8): 1265-1276. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18516
QI Rui-min, WEN Yan-chen, ZHAO Bing-qiang, LIN Zhi-an, LI Zhi-jie, LI Juan. Response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities to cattle manure addition in long-term fertilized fluvo-aquic soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1265-1276. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18516
Citation: QI Rui-min, WEN Yan-chen, ZHAO Bing-qiang, LIN Zhi-an, LI Zhi-jie, LI Juan. Response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities to cattle manure addition in long-term fertilized fluvo-aquic soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(8): 1265-1276. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18516

长期不同施肥潮土活性有机氮库组分与酶活性对外源牛粪的响应

Response of soil organic nitrogen fractions and enzyme activities to cattle manure addition in long-term fertilized fluvo-aquic soil

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究不同施肥制度下潮土中活性有机氮库及酶活性对新添加有机物料的响应机制,可深入理解不同施肥制度培肥土壤、提高土壤基础地力的机理。
    方法 供试土壤采集于从1986年开始的长期定位试验处理,包括CK (不施肥)、OF (常量有机肥)、CF (常量化肥)、OCF (常量有机无机配施) 4个处理。通过室内恒温培养试验,研究添加等氮量牛粪后长期不同施肥潮土有机氮库组分 (微生物量氮、可溶性有机氮和颗粒有机氮) 含量及土壤酶 (α-葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、β-木糖苷酶、纤维二糖水解酶、磷酸酶、过氧化物酶和酚氧化酶) 活性的变化特征。
    结果 首先,无论添加牛粪与否,土壤全氮、可溶性有机氮和颗粒有机氮含量均随培养时间呈上升趋势或与初始时期差异不显著;添加牛粪的长期不施肥与施化肥处理土壤微生物量氮含量显著低于相同处理不添加牛粪的土壤微生物量氮含量。其次,培养结束后,添加牛粪增加了长期不同施肥潮土全氮、可溶性有机氮和颗粒有机氮含量,分别提高了5.43%~15.49%、5.83%~69.42%及9.75%~42.29%,却降低了土壤微生物量氮含量16.91%~62.10%。另外,施肥、添加牛粪及其交互作用对土壤酶活性具有显著影响 (P < 0.05);无论添加牛粪与否,不同施肥处理土壤氧化酶 (过氧化物酶和酚氧化酶) 活性显著低于不施肥处理,不同施肥处理的土壤水解酶活性却呈现不同的变化趋势。不添加牛粪情况下,长期施肥显著提高了除β-葡萄糖苷酶以外的土壤水解酶活性;其中与长期不施肥处理相比,长期施用化肥土壤β-木糖苷酶和β-纤维素酶分别提高了208.74%和180.75%。添加牛粪情况下长期施用有机肥土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶和β-纤维素酶比不施肥分别提高了201.40%和308.04%;冗余分析 (redundancy analysis,RDA) 显示,添加与不添加牛粪条件下土壤酶活性的关键环境驱动因子不同,在不添加牛粪时为可溶性有机氮,添加后其关键驱动因子为全氮和可溶性有机氮。
    结论 不同施肥制度下土壤微生物量氮、可溶性有机氮、颗粒有机氮与土壤全氮之间呈显著正相关;室内好气培养条件下,添加牛粪显著提高了长期不同施肥潮土的全氮、可溶性有机氮、颗粒有机氮含量,却显著降低了土壤微生物量氮含量;不同施肥制度下土壤酶活性差异显著,牛粪的添加改变了影响长期不同施肥潮土酶活性的关键环境因子。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective We investigated the effects of cattle manure addition on fluvo-aquic soil labile organic nitrogen fractions and soil enzyme activities by using indoor incubation method, to reveal the mechanisms of cattle manure on soil organic nitrogen fractions in different fertilization treatments. This research not only provides theoretical basis for rational application of organic fertilizer and sustainable development of agricultural ecosystem, but also is beneficial to reusing agricultural resources and maximizing their benefits.
    Method An indoor incubation was used to study changes of soil liable organic nitrogen fractions (microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON)) and soil enzyme (α-1,4-glucosidase, AG; β-1,4-glucosidase, BG; β-1,4-xylosidase, BXYL; cellobiohydrolase, CBH; phosphatase, PHOS; peroxidase, perox; and phenol oxidase, phenox) activities in a long-term fertilizer experiment established in 1986 in Yucheng site, Shandong province, China. There were 4 treatments in the long-term fertilizer experiment, including no-fertilizer treatment (CK), standard rate of organic manure treatment (OF), standard rate of mineral fertilizer (CF), and half-standard rate of organic manure plus half-standard rate of mineral fertilizer treatment (OCF).
    Results Firstly, regardless of cattle manure addition, the contents of total nitrogen (TN), DON and PON in different fertilized soils were increased or had no significant differences during the incubation time. Secondly, the contents of total nitrogen (TN), DON and PON in different fertilized treatments with cattle manure addition were increased by 5.43%–15.49%, 5.83%–69.42% and 9.75%–42.29%, respectively, after incubation, while the content of MBN was decreased by 16.91%–62.10%. Fertilization, cattle manure addition and their interactions had significant effects on soil enzyme activity (P < 0.05). Regardless of cattle manure addition, the activity of soil oxidase enzymes (perox and phenox) in all fertilizer treatments was significantly lower than that of no-fertilizer treatment, but the activities of soil hydrolytic enzymes in all fertilizer treatments presented different trends. Without cattle manure addition, the activities of soil hydrolytic enzymes except BG significantly increased in long-term fertilizer treatments; compared with CK, the activities of BXYL and CBH in CF increased by 208% and 180%, respectively. With cattle manure addition, compared with CK, the activities of BG and CBH in OF increased by 201% and 308% respectively. According to the redundancy analysis (RDA), the dominant environmental factor of TN and soil labile organic nitrogen fractions affecting soil enzyme activities was DOC without cattle manure addition. However, the dominant environmental factors were changed to TN and DOC with cattle manure addition.
    Conclusions The contents of MBN, DON and PON were significantly correlated with soil TN under long-term fertilization regimes. With cattle manure addition, the contents of TN, DON and PON increased in different fertilized treatments, but the content of MBN significantly decreased. Soil enzyme activities in different fertilized treatments were significantly different, and cattle manure addition changed the dominant factors of TN and soil labile organic nitrogen fractions affecting soil enzyme activities in different fertilization regimes.

     

/

返回文章
返回