• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
聂兆君, 秦世玉, 刘红恩, 赵鹏, 吴香婷, 高巍, 李畅, 张雯雯, 睢福庆. 氮锌配施对冬小麦产量及土壤氮素转化相关酶活性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(3): 431-441. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19207
引用本文: 聂兆君, 秦世玉, 刘红恩, 赵鹏, 吴香婷, 高巍, 李畅, 张雯雯, 睢福庆. 氮锌配施对冬小麦产量及土壤氮素转化相关酶活性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(3): 431-441. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19207
NIE Zhao-jun, QIN Shi-yu, LIU Hong-en, ZHAO Peng, WU Xiang-ting, GAO Wei, LI Chang, ZHANG Wen-wen, SUI Fu-qing. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on winter wheat yield and soil enzyme activities related to nitrogen transformation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(3): 431-441. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19207
Citation: NIE Zhao-jun, QIN Shi-yu, LIU Hong-en, ZHAO Peng, WU Xiang-ting, GAO Wei, LI Chang, ZHANG Wen-wen, SUI Fu-qing. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on winter wheat yield and soil enzyme activities related to nitrogen transformation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(3): 431-441. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19207

氮锌配施对冬小麦产量及土壤氮素转化相关酶活性的影响

Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on winter wheat yield and soil enzyme activities related to nitrogen transformation

  • 摘要:
    目的 锌(Zn)能够促进冬小麦对氮(N)素的吸收利用。研究氮锌配施对冬小麦土壤氮素形态转化及相关酶活性的影响,有助于探究氮锌配施促进冬小麦吸收利用氮的可能机制,为通过合理施肥提高冬小麦产量和品质提供理论依据。
    方法 以‘郑麦379’为试材进行壤质潮土培养试验,设置CK (不施N和Zn)、Zn (施Zn 10 mg/kg)、N (施N 0.2 g/kg)、N+Zn (施N 0.2 g/kg+Zn 10 mg/kg) 共4个处理,分析了冬小麦产量及产量构成要素,测定4个生育期植株各部位N、Zn含量,土壤NO3-N和NH4+-N含量及土壤硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶、脲酶和蛋白酶活性。
    结果 与CK相比,Zn、N及N+Zn显著提高了冬小麦每盆穗数、穗粒数和籽粒产量,提高了不同时期小麦根、茎叶、穗和籽粒中N、Zn含量,且N+Zn处理的提高幅度明显高于Zn和N处理。随着冬小麦生育期的延长,各处理下土壤NO3-N和NH4+-N含量有所降低,亚硝酸还原酶和脲酶活性有所提高,蛋白酶活性有所降低。N和N+Zn处理能显著提高土壤NO3-N含量,且N+Zn在冬小麦生育后期提高土壤NO3-N含量的幅度显著高于N处理。Zn、N及N+Zn处理能显著提高冬小麦生育后期土壤NH4+-N的含量,且N+Zn处理提高的幅度高于Zn处理。Zn处理显著降低了拔节期后土壤硝酸还原酶活性,N及N+Zn处理降低了小麦生育后期土壤硝酸还原酶活性,且N+Zn降低硝酸还原酶活性的程度高于N处理;Zn、N和N+Zn处理均降低了土壤亚硝酸还原酶活性;Zn和N处理显著降低拔节期土壤脲酶的活性,但Zn、N和N+Zn处理均显著提高了土壤蛋白酶活性。
    结论 氮锌配施提高冬小麦籽粒产量,促进冬小麦吸收土壤氮素,这是由于氮锌配施提高了土壤脲酶和蛋白酶活性,促进了土壤有机氮向铵态氮及铵态氮向硝态氮的转化,同时降低了冬小麦生育后期土壤硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性,抑制了硝态氮的反硝化作用,从而提高了土壤中可供冬小麦吸收的铵态氮和硝态氮含量。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Zinc (Zn) is critical for nitrogen (N) absorption and utilization in winter wheat. This paper investigated the effect of combined application of N and Zn on the activities of soil enzymes related to N transformation, which would provide theoretical evidence for increasing N effeminacy through combined application of N and Zn.
    Methods A pot experiment was conducted using winter wheat as tested crop. Four treatments were included, as CK (without applying N and Zn), Zn (only applying Zn 10 mg/kg), N (only applying N 0.2 g/kg) and N+Zn (applying N 0.2 g/kg and Zn 10 mg/kg). Plant and soil samples were collected at four key growing stages of winter wheat. The plant N and Zn concentrations in four growing stages of winter wheat, the concentrations of soil nitrate (NO3-N) and ammonium (NH4+-N), and the activities of soil nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, urease and protease were measured. At harvest, the yield and yield components of winter wheat were investigated.
    Results Compared with CK, all the treatments of Zn, N and N+Zn significantly increased the spike number per pot, grain number per spike and grain yields, increased the N and Zn concentrations in roots, leaves and stems, spikes or grains of winter wheat, and the increase of N+Zn was significantly higher than that of Zn and N treatments. Along winter wheat grew, the soil NO3-N and NH4+-N concentrations were reduced, the nitrite reductase and the urease activities were increased, and the protease activity was decreased gradually. N and N+Zn treatments significantly increased the soil NO3-N concentration, and the increase of N+Zn was significantly higher than that of N treatment at the late growth stage. All the Zn, N and N+ Zn treatments significantly increased soil NH4+-N concentration at the late growth stage, and the increase degree of N+Zn was significantly higher than that of Zn treatments. Zn application significantly decreased the activity of soil nitrate reductase after the jointing stage, N and N+Zn decreased that of nitrate reductase at the late growth stages, and the decrease degree of N+Zn was significantly higher than that of N treatment. All the Zn, N and N+Zn treatments decreased the nitrite reductase activity in soil. Zn and N treatments significantly decreased the soil urease activity, but Zn, N and N+Zn application significantly increased the protease activity in soil.
    Conclusions Combined application of N with Zn increases grain yields and N absorption by winter wheat, because it can increase urease and protease activities, promote transformation of N from organic N to ammonium and nitrate, and decrease nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activities at the late growth stage, which inhibit the denitrification of nitrate, thus keep relatively high concentration of nitrate and ammonium in soil, and benefit the nitrogen absorption by winter wheat.

     

/

返回文章
返回