• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
蔡璘, 丰慧, 贾环宇, 杨会款, 孙现超, 丁伟. 纳米氧化镁促进番茄植株生长的机理[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(7): 1318-1327. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19403
引用本文: 蔡璘, 丰慧, 贾环宇, 杨会款, 孙现超, 丁伟. 纳米氧化镁促进番茄植株生长的机理[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(7): 1318-1327. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19403
CAI Lin, FENG Hui, JIA Huan-yu, YANG Hui-kuan, SUN Xian-chao, DING Wei. Mechanism of magnesium oxide nanoparticles effectively stimulate the Mg absorption and growth of tomato plants[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(7): 1318-1327. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19403
Citation: CAI Lin, FENG Hui, JIA Huan-yu, YANG Hui-kuan, SUN Xian-chao, DING Wei. Mechanism of magnesium oxide nanoparticles effectively stimulate the Mg absorption and growth of tomato plants[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(7): 1318-1327. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.19403

纳米氧化镁促进番茄植株生长的机理

Mechanism of magnesium oxide nanoparticles effectively stimulate the Mg absorption and growth of tomato plants

  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨具有抗菌作用剂量的纳米氧化镁 (MgONPs) 对番茄早期生长发育的影响,并明确其被吸收和在植株体内的运输特性,为MgONPs在植物营养和病害防控领域的应用提供理论依据。
    方法 以番茄为模式植物,利用MgONPs (50~250 μg/mL) 处理番茄种子和幼苗,测定种子萌发率、MgONPs处理幼苗30天后的植株生物量、植物组织细胞形态、叶绿素含量和相对含水量等指标,并用电感耦合等离子发射光谱仪和透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 测定植株对MgONPs的吸收状况。
    结果 50~250 μg/mL的MgONPs对番茄种子的发芽无抑制作用,而对番茄幼苗生长具有显著的促进作用,其中250 μg/mL剂量作用最显著;此剂量处理后的番茄根长、根干重、地上部分干重和径围分别为20.33 cm、0.11 g、0.20 g、1.65 cm,对照分别为15.63 cm、0.03 g、0.15 g和1.16 cm;番茄叶绿素含量提高了47.37%,相对含水量提高了13.14%。且MgONPs促进了镁元素的吸收,MgONPs处理后番茄叶片中的镁含量较清水组提高了35.16%;透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 照片发现,MgONPs处理后叶片叶绿体周围有纳米颗粒的聚集;扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 照片和石蜡切片观察证实,MgONPs未破坏番茄植株的组织和细胞形态,明确了在一定浓度下MgONPs对番茄植物细胞无毒副影响。
    结论 MgONPs在土壤中的分散程度虽然不如在去离子水中,但是依然表现出对番茄生长的显著促进作用,且对种子发芽和幼苗生长无任何不利影响。施入土壤后,MgONPs能被番茄根系吸收,通过维管束系统向上运输至叶片中,从而显著增加叶绿素含量和相对含水量,最终促进了幼苗的生长和干物质积累。在本试验条件下,高浓度 (250 μg/mL) 的MgONPs促进番茄生长的效果好于低浓度。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives To evaluate the effect of the antibacterial-concentration magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) application on growth and transportation efficiency of tomato, which would provide theoretical basis for the application of MgONPs in the field of plant nutrition and disease control.
    Methods Taking tomato as the model plant, the tomato seeds and seedlings were treated with different concentrations of MgONPs to measure the seed germination, plant biomass, tissue cell morphology, chlorophyll content and relative water content, as well as the MgONPs-uptake in tomato plant using ICP-OES and TEM.
    Results MgONPs had no inhibition on the tomato seeds germination at the concentration of 50–250 μg/mL, and significantly increased the tomato seedling growth, especially at 250 μg/mL treatment. In the 250 μg/mL MgONPs group, the root length, dry root weight and dry weight of aboveground part of tomato and stem girth were 20.33 cm, 0.11 g, 0.20 g and 1.65 cm, respectively, and the corresponding values in the control were 15.63 cm, 0.03 g, 0.15 g and 1.16 cm, respectively. The chlorophyll content and the relative water content of tomato were respectively increased by 47.37% and 13.14%. Furthermore, MgONPs enhanced Mg absorption, and increased the Mg content in leaves by 35.16%; meantime, the aggregation of nanoparticles around chloroplasts in leaves was observed in TEM images. In addition, SEM and paraffin section observation confirmed that MgONPs did not damage tomato plant tissue and cell morphology, further clarified the non-toxic side effects of MgONPs on tomato plant cells.
    Conclusions Although the dispersing of MgONPs in soil is not as good as in de-ionized water, it still shows good promotion effect on the germination and seedling growth of tomato significantly, within the tested concentration range of 50–250 μg/mL, without toxicity to plant cells and organ structures. After applied into soil, MgONPs could be absorbed by root and up-transported into leaves through fibrovascular system completely. The increased Mg thus increases chlorophyll content and relative water content of leaves, and stimulates the growth and accumulation of dry biomass of tomato. Under the experimental condition, higher MgONPs concentration performs better than the lower concentration.

     

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