长期定位施肥对黑垆土剖面养分分布特征的影响

Effect of long-term fertilization on nutrient distribution in profiles of black loessial soil

摘要: 对黄土高原旱地 15年连续施肥后土壤剖面养分分布的研究发现 ,施化肥对土壤剖面有机质、全N、全P含量的影响深达 100cm以下 ,所有施肥处理有机质、全N、全P、NO3--N、有效P含量在耕层 (0～20cm)都有不同程度增加 ;40～60、60～80cm土层有机质、全N、全P都低于长年不施肥处理 ,造成土壤下层养分的亏缺。长期大量施用氮肥造成N素养分下淋累积 ;长期大量施用磷肥土壤耕层有效P显著提高 ,而 20cm以下土层变化不大。

Abstract: Nutrient distributions of the profiles of black loessial soil were studied after N and/or P were applied for 15 years continuously The results showed that organic matter, total N, total P, NO3--N, Olsen P of fertilization treatments were increased in the 0～20cm soil layer and nutrient contents of 0～20cm and 20～40cm layers were higher than that of CK, which leads to lack of nutrient content Higher N rate applied to result the accumulation of NO3--N leaching Higher P applied to increase the Olsen P content in the 0～20 soil layer remarkably, but not to effect on Olsen P under the 20cm depth