Abstract: The effects of application of phosphorus with controlled release compound fertilizers (CRCF) on availability of P in soil, the uptake of P in potato plant, the phosphorus use efficiency and potato yield were investigated in this paper. Two kinds of controlled release compound fertilizers with N P2O5K 2O ratio of 18-9-18 and 15-15-15 at low P rate of P2O5 75 kg /hm2 and high P rate of P2O5 150 kg /hm2 were used in the field plot experiment. The results showed that the availability of phosphorus in soil was higher than that of common compound fertilizers, especially 30 days after transplanting. The accumulative uptake of P in potato and potato yield were significantly increased by application of CRCFs as compared to that of common compound fertilizers. The P use efficiency increased by 32% for the low P rate and 35% for the high P rate treatment, respectively, as compared to the same P rate of common compound fertilizers.