• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
彭福田, 姜远茂, 顾曼如, 束怀瑞. 氮素对苹果果实内源激素变化动态与发育进程的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(2): 208-213. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0214
引用本文: 彭福田, 姜远茂, 顾曼如, 束怀瑞. 氮素对苹果果实内源激素变化动态与发育进程的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(2): 208-213. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0214
PENG Futian, JIANG Yuanmao, GU Manru, SHU Huairui. Effect of nitrogen on apple fruit hormone changing trends and development[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2003, 9(2): 208-213. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0214
Citation: PENG Futian, JIANG Yuanmao, GU Manru, SHU Huairui. Effect of nitrogen on apple fruit hormone changing trends and development[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2003, 9(2): 208-213. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2003.0214

氮素对苹果果实内源激素变化动态与发育进程的影响

Effect of nitrogen on apple fruit hormone changing trends and development

  • 摘要: 以8年生红富士/平邑甜茶(M.domestica Borkh.cv.RedFuji/M.hupenensis Rhed)盛果期树为试材,研究重疏果条件下土壤施氮对苹果果实发育影响。结果表明,花后15周前施氮处理与对照单果重无显著差异,由于对照果实比施氮处理果实早1周左右进入迅速膨大期,此后3~4周对照果实单果重高于施氮处理,但对照果实比施氮果实早1周左右停止生长。由于施氮延长了果实生长期,采收时施氮处理平均单果重高于对照。施氮对GA3、ZRs、ABA与IAA的含量及其变化动态有较大影响,特别在果实细胞膨大期;施氮显著提高了这4种激素的含量,但其峰值出现较对照晚1~2周,并且GA3、IAA、ABA含量峰值出现的时间比果实相对生长速率(RGR)峰值出现的时间略早。植物生长调节剂处理不施氮果实,使果实生长期延长,单果重增加。这些结果表明,氮素通过影响果实的激素水平调控果实的生长动态。果实发育进程的变化导致了有关品质指标的变化,主要表现为随施氮量增加,果实水分含量增加,果皮叶绿素与果肉可滴定酸浓度提高,果皮花青苷与果肉可溶性糖浓度降低。

     

    Abstract: Eight-year-old apple trees (M. domestica Borkh. cv. Red Fuji/M. hupenensis Rhed) as materials were used to study the effect of N on fruit development under heavy thinned condition. The main results were as follows: The single fruit weight of N treatment and control did not existed significant deference in 105 d after flowering, control fruits were heavier than N treatment from 105 d to 130 d due to its fruits beginning rapid growth period 7 d earlier than N treatment, but the average single fruit weight in N treatment was heavier than control at harvest for control fruits suspending growth 7d earlier than N treatment. N fertilization influenced GA, ZRs , ABA and IAA concentrations and its change trends in flesh , particularly increased the four hormone concentrations in flesh cell enlargement period. But the hormone concentration peak values appearance time were later 12 weeks than nonfertilized controls. GA, ABA and IAA concentration peak values appearance time was slightly ahead of fruit RGR(relative growth rate) peak values appearance time. The length of fruit growth period was prolonged and the single fruit weight was increased by plant growth regulator in control trees. These results indicated that N regulated fruit development by influencing fruit hormone concentration. In N treatment fruits, the water content, pericarp chlorophyll, titratable acid concentration were increased, but anthocyanin and flesh soluble sugar concentration were decreased as fruits development trends changed.

     

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