Abstract: Anion channels play a very important role in regulating plant growth and development,nutrient uptake and(adverse) environment adaptation such as drought,salt stress,Al toxicity and P deficiency.They located on different (organelles) and their characteristics were different.Thus,their regulatory mechanisms,which were complex,were different.The extensive localization,cell function,primary characters and possible signal transduction process of intervention of(anion) channel were comparative reviewed in this article in order to facilitate the further study.In contrast to the large amount of information on physiological role of anion channels,the molecular biochemistry knowledge is quite few.In addition,this paper introduces the possible protein components of S-type anion channel in guard cell protoplast membrane and the genes encoding the transporter facilitating Al induced malate efflux in wheat root apex for the purpose of exploring the research technique on anion channel based on molecular biology