钾素营养对饲用玉米养分吸收动态及产量品质形成的影响
Effects of potassium application on nutrient absorption dynamics,biomass and quality formation of forage maize
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摘要: 在冀西北高原旱滩地条件下,以饲用玉米白马牙为试验材料,研究了钾肥不同施用量对饲用玉米养分吸收动态及产量品质形成的影响。结果表明,施钾使饲用玉米的生物产量增产7.96%～17.60%;显著促进了玉米植株氮素和磷素的吸收。施钾植株的氮素和磷素吸收量分别比不施钾植株提高17.73～40.28.kg/hm2和9.32～28.69kg/hm2;植株粗蛋白、粗脂肪的含量随施钾量增加而增加,且二者产量增幅分别为9.40%～21.5%和8.90%～38.12%。试验结果还看出,随钾肥用量的增加,饲用玉米株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和叶绿素相对含量均有提高,为饲用玉米的高产优质奠定了基础。因此,饲用玉米施用钾肥是提高其产量与营养品质的有效技术手段。Abstract: The effects of potassium application on nutrient absorption dynamics, biomass and quality of forage maize named Baimaya were studied in meadow-chestnut soil of Northwest plateau of Hebei province.The results indicated that potassium fertilizer application increased the forage maize biomass by 7.96%-17.60% and significantly improved nitrogen and phosphorus absorption.Compared with no-potassium treatment,potassium application increased nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by 17.73-40.28 kg/ha and 9.32-28.69 kg/ha,respectively,and increased the content of crude protein and crude fat in maize plant by 9.40%-21.5% and 8.90%-38.12%,respectively.The result also indicated that plant height,stem thickness,leaf area index and relative content of chlorophyll in the leaves increased congruously,providing the nutritional basis for high yield and quality of forage maize production.The use of potassium fertilizer for forage maize is an effective technique to increase the biomass yield and improve the nutritional quality.
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