Abstract: Five controlled release fertilizers,the ration of NP2O5K2O were 1811-11 or 14-88,were made of common straight fertilizers(urea,diammonium phosphate,potassium chloride,and sulphate potassium).In 2005,a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of controlled release fertilizers on the yield and quality of peanut and nutrient use efficiency at Gaopi town,Longyan city, Fujian province.The result showed that the controlled release fertilizers could alleviate the inhibition of fertilizers on nodule formation of peanut and improve the agronomic characteristics of peanut compared to common straight fertilizers at same NPK proportion and rate.Comparing to single applying common fertilizers,the controlled release fertilizers increased economic yield of peanut by 2.5%10.8%,biological yield by 1.3%-6.9%;improved nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium use efficiency by 3.9%-15.8%,0.6%4.2% and 2.6%-14.2% respectively.Comparing split applying common fertilizers(2 times),it increased economic yield of peanut by-0.6%-7.5%,biological yield by-2.6%2.6%; the nutrients use efficiency increased by-5.5%-5.7%,2.7%6.3% and-2.2%-9.4% respectively.In addition, the controlled release fertilizers also showed a beneficial result on the peanut quality,i.e.improved the protein and fat contents in seed compared to straight fertilizer.