• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
袁小乐, 潘晓华, 石庆华, 吴建富, 漆映雪. 超级早、晚稻的养分吸收和根系分布特性研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 27-32. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0105
引用本文: 袁小乐, 潘晓华, 石庆华, 吴建富, 漆映雪. 超级早、晚稻的养分吸收和根系分布特性研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 27-32. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0105
YUAN Xiao-yue, PAN Xiao-hua, SHI Qing-hua, WU Jian-fu, QI Ying-xue. Characteristics of nutrient uptake and root system distribution in super early and super late rice[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 27-32. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0105
Citation: YUAN Xiao-yue, PAN Xiao-hua, SHI Qing-hua, WU Jian-fu, QI Ying-xue. Characteristics of nutrient uptake and root system distribution in super early and super late rice[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 27-32. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0105

超级早、晚稻的养分吸收和根系分布特性研究

Characteristics of nutrient uptake and root system distribution in super early and super late rice

  • 摘要: 为了阐明双季超级稻的高产机理和指导合理施肥,采用品种比较的方法,研究了超级早、晚稻品种的养分吸收和根系分布特性。结果表明,超级早、晚稻品种的养分吸收量平均分别为N 170.04、224.90 kg/hm2,P 21.97、39.88 kg/hm2,K 107.48、144.47 kg/hm2,均高于对照。生育中期(穗分化至抽穗)的养分吸收量与产量密切相关。生产100 kg稻谷所需要的养分较对照低10%左右。超级早、晚稻品种根系发达,根量较大。抽穗后15 d(早稻)或20 d(晚稻)的根量与产量密切相关,其中5—10 cm的根量与养分吸收总量密切相关。说明生育中期较多的养分吸收和发达的根系是超级早、晚稻高产的重要原因。

     

    Abstract: In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in high yield of rice and provide guidance for fertilization in rice farming, the characteristics of nutrient uptake and root distribution in both super early rice and super late rice were studied under field conditions. The average uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) was 170.04, 21.97 and 107.48 kg/ha, respectively, by super early rice, and was 224.90, 39.88 and 144.47 kg/ha, respectively, by super late rice. Except for super early rice zhuliangyou819, the nutrient uptakes of super rice were higher than those of control rice cultivars. The total amount of nutrient uptakes from panicle initiation to heading were positively correlated with the grain yield of super rice. Compared to the control cultivars, super rice had a larger root system and higher dry root weight, but the nutrient requirement for per 100 kg of grain production was 10% less. The dry root weights of super rice at 15 d or 20 d post-heading were positively correlated with grain yield. Furthermore, only the root weight in 5-10 cm deep soil exhibited significant correlation with super rice's nutrient uptake. In general, these observations suggest that a higher grain yield of super early and late rice is mainly due to the higher uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from panicle initiation to heading, and a larger root system.

     

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