• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
程凤娴, 涂攀峰, 严小龙, 王秀荣, 廖红. 酸性红壤中磷高效大豆新种质的磷营养特性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 71-81. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0111
引用本文: 程凤娴, 涂攀峰, 严小龙, 王秀荣, 廖红. 酸性红壤中磷高效大豆新种质的磷营养特性[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 71-81. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0111
CHENG Feng-xian, TU Pan-feng, YAN Xiao-long, WANG Xiu-rong, LIAO Hong. Phosphorus nutrition characters for new soybean germplasms with high phosphorus efficiency in acid red soils[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 71-81. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0111
Citation: CHENG Feng-xian, TU Pan-feng, YAN Xiao-long, WANG Xiu-rong, LIAO Hong. Phosphorus nutrition characters for new soybean germplasms with high phosphorus efficiency in acid red soils[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 71-81. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0111

酸性红壤中磷高效大豆新种质的磷营养特性

Phosphorus nutrition characters for new soybean germplasms with high phosphorus efficiency in acid red soils

  • 摘要: 采用一系列磷高效大豆新种质及对照材料,在华南酸性红壤地区3种不同磷水平的代表性土壤上,分春、夏两季研究了不同大豆品种的磷营养特性,探讨了不同大豆品种(系)在不同磷水平土壤上的最佳施磷量及其经济效益。结果表明, 1)土壤有效磷含量是影响酸性红壤地区大豆生产的重要因素,无论从地上部生物量、磷吸收量还是产量来看,所有供试品种均表现出高磷>中磷>低磷土壤的趋势。2)施磷对低肥力土壤上大豆产量的影响较大,对中等肥力土壤影响较小,而对高肥力土壤,施磷肥反而造成大豆减产; 过量施用磷肥会造成大豆对磷的“奢侈吸收”。3)大豆的磷营养特性具有显著的基因型差异,因而需要不同磷养分管理方式。4个磷高效大豆新种质在低肥力土壤上仅需施用少量磷肥,在中、高肥力土壤上不需施磷即可满足生长需要。经济效益分析结果表明,磷高效品种无论在低肥力还是在中、高肥力土壤上,其纯收入均远高于本地和国家大豆区域试验对照品种。

     

    Abstract: Several P efficient and inefficient soybean cultivars were employed to investigate P nutrition characters, the optimal P application amounts and their economic benefits in the soils with three different fertilities in spring and summer seasons, respectively. The results show that soil P availability is an important limiting factor for soybean production in acid red soils, and biomasses, P uptakes and yields of the tested soybean germplasms are in the order of high > medium > low P soils. Soybean yields in low P soils are significantly affected by the phosphorus application, while much less in medium P soils and even negatively in high P soils. Furthermore, excess P fertilization could result in a ‘luxury absorption’. There are significantly genotypic variations on P nutrition characters of soybeans. Therefore, different P fertilizations should be employed to different soybean germplasms. Slight P application in low P soils, no P application in medium, and high P soils could meet the demand for the growth of the four new P efficient soybean germplasms. The results from economic analysis indicate that net incomes of P efficient soybean cultivars are much higher than those of local and control cultivars.

     

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