• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
梁欢, 尚庆茂. 番茄穴盘苗组织NO-3-N阈值的初步研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(3): 709-718. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0318
引用本文: 梁欢, 尚庆茂. 番茄穴盘苗组织NO-3-N阈值的初步研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(3): 709-718. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0318
LIANG Huan, SHANG Qing-mao. Preliminary study on NO-3-N threshold in tomato seedlings grown in plug tray[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(3): 709-718. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0318
Citation: LIANG Huan, SHANG Qing-mao. Preliminary study on NO-3-N threshold in tomato seedlings grown in plug tray[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(3): 709-718. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0318

番茄穴盘苗组织NO-3-N阈值的初步研究

Preliminary study on NO-3-N threshold in tomato seedlings grown in plug tray

  • 摘要: 【目的】 NO-3-N阈值是氮营养状况的评价标准,是蔬菜苗期养分精准管理的重要依据,受品种、施肥、温度、光照等因素的影响。因此,研究不同品种、施肥和外界环境条件下番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)幼苗的组织NO-3-N含量的变化程度,以明确番茄幼苗组织NO-3-N阈值,为快速准确诊断幼苗养分状况提供依据。【方法】 首先采用穴盘育苗试验,以番茄17个主栽品种为试材,采用水杨酸-硫酸比色法测定了不同组织NO-3-N含量。在该试验基础上,选其中两个品种(佳红4号和中杂105号)继续进行穴盘育苗试验。设施N(26、210、840mg/L), P(4、31、248 mg/L), K(29、234、1875 mg/L), 温度(32℃/22℃、28℃/18℃、20℃/10℃), 光照(不遮荫、50%遮荫), 灌水时间(灌水后2 h取样、灌水后10 h取样、灌水后24 h取样)6因素多水平试验,测定处理后番茄幼苗不同组织中的NO-3-N含量。【结果】 番茄幼苗同一品种不同组织NO-3-N含量变化范围为0.794.42 g/L,同一组织不同品种间NO-3-N含量变化范围为2.844.42 g/L,均达到差异极显著水平;与正常对照相比,氮盈余供应可使组织NO-3-N含量提高1.86倍,而亏缺供应使组织NO-3-N含量降低了97.3%; 磷、钾亏缺供应、低温、弱光条件下番茄幼苗组织NO-3-N含量呈降低趋势,最大降低幅度达49.6%,磷、钾盈余供应、高温、灌水时间则因组织NO-3-N含量表现出不同的变化趋势。【结论】 番茄幼苗组织NO-3-N含量在多元因素的影响下波动变化。以番茄17个品种不同组织NO-3-N含量为基础值,以环境条件作用最大增幅和最大减幅进行校正,获得番茄幼苗组织NO-3-N含量阈值,即下胚轴1.75~2.72 g/L、 茎2.07~4.04 g/L、 第1叶位叶柄2.18~4.83 g/L、 第1叶位叶片0.62~1.52 g/L、 第2叶位叶柄2.31~5.10 g/L、 第2叶位叶片0.73~1.50 g/L、 第3叶位叶柄2.79~4.09 g/L、 第3叶位叶片0.40~1.53 g/L、 第4叶位叶柄2.44~4.20 g/L、 第4叶位叶片0.40~2.13 g/L。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 The NO-3-N threshold was an interpretation standard for N status and an important basis for vegetable seedling nutrient site-specific management, influenced by the cultivar, fertilizer, temperature, light intensity and other factors. Therefore, the NO-3-N content change degree in tissues of tomato seedlings(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under different varieties, fertilization and environmental conditions was studied, in order to obtain a NO-3-N threshold in tissues of tomato plug seedlings. 【Methods】 Firstly, 17 tomato cultivars were used as materials to analysis the NO-3-N content in different tissues by salicylic acid-sulfuric spectrometry. Then, Jiahong No.4 and Zhongza No.105 were chosen from the 17 cultivars to start the second plug tray experiment. The treatments include: three NPK rates(N 26, 210 and 840 mg/L, P4, 31 and 248 mg/L, and K 29, 234 and 1875 mg/L); three temperatures (32℃/22℃, 28℃/18℃ and 20℃/10℃, day/night); two light intensity conditions(no shaded and 50% shaded); sampling times (2, 10 and 24 h after watering). The NO-3-N contents in different tissues were measured. 【Results】 The NO-3-N contents vary significantly among different cultivars and tissues. The NO-3-N thresholds among different tissues of the same cultivar are from 0.79 to 4.42 g/L, and those in a same tissue of different cultivars are from 2.84 to 4.42 g/L. Compared to the NO-3-N content in the seedlings supplied with normal N, the NO-3-N content in the seedlings supplied with excessive N is increased by 1.86-fold, while in the seedlings fertilized with low N, the NO-3-N content is reduced by 97.3%. Furthermore, the NO-3-N contents in the seedlings are decreased under the low levels of P or K, or the lowtemperature or low light intensity. However, in the seedlings fertilized with excessive P or K, or exposed to high temperature, or sampled at different times after watering, the NO-3-N contents display distinct changing patterns in different tissues.【Conclusions】 The NO-3-N contents in tissues of tomato seedlings were fluctuated under different varieties, fertilization and environmental conditions. The basic values of the NO-3-N contents of the 17 cultivars are corrected with these environmental factors. The NO-3-N thresholds in tissues of tomato plug seedlings are 1.75-2.72 g/L in hypocotyls, 2.07-4.04 g/L in stems, 2.18-4.83 g/L in the first leaf petioles, 0.62-1.52 g/L in the first leaves, 2.31-5.10 g/L in the second leaf petioles, 0.73-1.50 g/L in the second leaves, 2.79-4.09 g/L in the third leaf petioles, 0.40-1.53 g/L in the third leaves, 2.44-4.20 g/L in the fourth leaf petioles, and 0.40-2.13 g/L in the fourth leaves.

     

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