• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
张银杰, 王磊, 白由路, 卢艳丽, 张静静, 李格. 玉米不同层位叶片生理生化指标与SPAD值的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(10): 1805-1817. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20182
引用本文: 张银杰, 王磊, 白由路, 卢艳丽, 张静静, 李格. 玉米不同层位叶片生理生化指标与SPAD值的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(10): 1805-1817. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20182
ZHANG Yin-jie, WANG Lei, BAI You-lu, LU Yan-li, ZHANG Jing-jing, LI Ge. Relationship of physiological and biochemical indicators with SPAD values in maize leaves at different layers[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(10): 1805-1817. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20182
Citation: ZHANG Yin-jie, WANG Lei, BAI You-lu, LU Yan-li, ZHANG Jing-jing, LI Ge. Relationship of physiological and biochemical indicators with SPAD values in maize leaves at different layers[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(10): 1805-1817. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.20182

玉米不同层位叶片生理生化指标与SPAD值的关系

Relationship of physiological and biochemical indicators with SPAD values in maize leaves at different layers

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究不同层位玉米叶片氮素指标的变化,确定在不同生育时期进行营养诊断的最佳叶片,以便能够及时、准确地进行氮素营养光谱诊断,实现玉米高产和肥料高效益。
    方法 设置两年 (2017和2018) 的盆栽试验,共设6个施氮水平,分别在玉米的关键生育时期 (拔节期、大喇叭口期、开花吐丝期和灌浆期) 按叶片层位取样,分析叶片生理生化指标 (叶片氮含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、叶片厚度和净光合速率) 的变化及其与SPAD值的关系,确定利用SPAD值对叶片氮含量进行估算的最佳叶片。
    结果 1) 叶片氮含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、叶片厚度及净光合速率随着氮肥增施呈现先增加后平稳的趋势,与叶片SPAD值呈正相关关系;可溶性糖含量随着氮肥增施呈先减少后平稳的趋势,与SPAD值呈负相关关系。2) 叶片氮含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、叶片厚度、净光合速率及SPAD值垂直分布上均表现为上层叶片>下层叶片;可溶性糖含量表现为下层叶片>上层叶片。3) SPAD值与叶片氮含量之间建立的线性回归模型均达极显著水平,拔节期和灌浆期的上层叶片、大喇叭口期和开花吐丝期的中层叶片氮含量与SPAD值回归决定系数 (R2) 较高,分别为0.768、0.865、0.893、0.924。
    结论 生育期、氮水平和叶片层位显著影响玉米叶片中与氮素营养相关的生理生化指标,呈现一定的空间异质性,在玉米拔节期和灌浆期利用SPAD值进行叶片氮含量营养诊断时应考虑测定上层叶片 (顶两片、三片完全展开叶),而在大喇叭口期和开花吐丝期应测定中层叶片 (中两片完全展开叶、穗位叶及以下两片叶)。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives The variation of nitrogen indicator of leaves at different layers were measured and the most suitable leaves to the variation at different growth stage were selected, for realizing timely and accurately diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition.
    Methods Pot experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018, using maize as tested materials. Six N levels were setup with triplicate. At the jointing, booting, anthesis-silking and filling stages of maize, the photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaves at different layers were measured, and leaf samples at different layers were collected for measuring the leaf thickness, analyzing the content of N (LNC), chlorophyll (Chl.), soluble protein, and soluble sugar. The relationships of above indexes with SPAD readings were compared.
    Results 1) Within the tested N application levels, the changes in LNC, Chl., soluble protein, leaf thickness and Pn in maize leaves at all layers were similar, showing trend of increasing first and then keeping stable, and all of the indexes were positively correlated with SPAD values, except soluble sugar content which showed decreasing initially and then stable trend with a negative correlation with SPAD values. 2) The content of LNC, Chl., and soluble protein, the leaf thickness and Pn at upper layer leaves were higher than at lower layer ones, while soluble sugar content was opposite. 3) The linear regression models established between SPAD values and LNC were highly significant. The coefficients of determination (R2) between SPAD values and LNC in top canopy leaves at the jointing and filling were higher (0.768 and 0.865), while those in leaves of the middle canopy leaves at the booting and anthesis-silking stages were higher (0.893 and 0.924).
    Conclusions The leaf physiological and biochemical indicators are significantly affected by growing stages, leaf layers and N application, and show vertical heterogeneity. When using SPAD values to predict the leaf nitrogen content, the top canopy leaves have priorities at the jointing and filling stages, and the middle layer leaves should be selected at the booting and anthesis-silking stages.

     

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