• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
左文怡, 朱莉, 杨泽林, 詹晓北. 延长黄原胶缓释期的技术研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(4): 692-698. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18025
引用本文: 左文怡, 朱莉, 杨泽林, 詹晓北. 延长黄原胶缓释期的技术研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(4): 692-698. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18025
ZUO Wen-yi, ZHU Li, YANG Ze-lin, ZHAN Xiao-bei. Research on prolonging the sustained release time of xanthan gum[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(4): 692-698. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18025
Citation: ZUO Wen-yi, ZHU Li, YANG Ze-lin, ZHAN Xiao-bei. Research on prolonging the sustained release time of xanthan gum[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(4): 692-698. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.18025

延长黄原胶缓释期的技术研究

Research on prolonging the sustained release time of xanthan gum

  • 摘要:
    目的 研究了水杨酸(SA)在黄原胶(XG)及聚乙烯醇(PVA)为主要材料的基质型缓释系统中的释放速率。
    方法 共设计了29个配方,分为4组:XG + PVA + SA、XG + PVA + 醋酸酯淀粉(AS) + SA、XG + PVA + 硬脂酸 + SA、XG + PVA + 壳聚糖(CS) + SA。根据设计的配方将材料研磨混匀后以聚乙烯醇溶液为粘合剂进行造粒。首先制作了6~10 mm五种造粒直径的缓释颗粒,并以4%、5%、6% (w/v)三种浓度的PVA溶液分别造粒,研究了造粒大小、PVA溶液浓度对颗粒释放行为的影响。确定造粒条件后研究了四种配方不同配比对颗粒释放行为的影响,采用静水溶出法和土柱淋溶法对释放行为进行表征,以水杨酸的释放率及累积释放量为指标绘制释放曲线。
    结果 所制缓释颗粒的水杨酸释放曲线都遵循一个趋势:水杨酸释放率在前一段时间呈快速增长,转折点之后增长速度趋于平缓。根据试验结果分析,粗粒径的黄原胶溶胀更缓慢,对内容物的释放也会更慢。缓释颗粒直径较小时最终释放的百分比更高但由于比表面积大释放也更快,颗粒直径过大时最终释放的百分比会降低且持续时间也不会延长,最终选定造粒直径8 mm。对粘合剂PVA溶液的使用量的研究结果显示,在选取的三种PVA溶液浓度中,以浓度为4%的PVA溶液进行造粒、混合粉末与4%PVA溶液的比例(w/w)以1.1∶1为宜。四种不同组成的配方经优化后缓释效果最好的比例分别为:XG∶SA = 3∶1,在去离子水中释放持续约2.5天;XG∶AS∶SA = 3∶1∶1,在去离子水中释放持续时间2.5天;XG∶硬脂酸∶SA = 1∶1∶1,去离子水中持续时间约为3天;XG∶CS∶SA = 3∶1∶1,在去离子水中可持续4天,而在土柱中释放持续可达36天左右。
    结论 使用0.178 mm粒径的黄原胶粉末,在XG∶CS∶SA = 3∶1∶1,造粒直径8 mm,以4% PVA溶液进行粘合造粒的条件下,所得缓释颗粒的土柱淋溶释放时间可长达36天,为本试验所得释放时间最长的缓释体系。该缓释系统成本较低廉,制作方法简单,对环境友好。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives To develop a slow-release system using xanthan gum (XG) as the main substrate with longer release time comparing to current relative research.
    Methods Salicylic acid (SA) was used as a pattern release target. A total of 29 formulas were designed and divided into 4 groups: XG + PVA + SA, XG + PVA + acetate starch (AS) + SA, XG + PVA + stearic acid + SA, XG + PVA + chitosan (CS) + SA. According to the designed formula, the materials were grinded and mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution as the binder for granulation. Firstly, five kinds of sustained-release granules (in diameter of 6-10 mm) and three kinds of sustained-release granules granulated with PVA solution of different concentrations of 4%, 5%, 6% (w/v) were prepared to study the effect of concentration of PVA solution and granulation diameter on the release behavior of the sustained-release granules. After determining the granulation conditions, the effects of different formulas on the particle release behavior were studied. The release effect of the obtained particles was studied in water and soil. The indicator was the release ratio of SA and the amount of released SA.
    Results The release curves of prepared slow release granules all followed a trend that the release percentage of salicylic acid raised quickly in the former period, then the curve eventually tended to be flat. According to the experimental results, XG with larger particle size swelled more slowly, therefore the release of the contents was slower. The smaller the granule was, the higher the percentage of final release was. However, the release behavior end more quickly at the same time due to its larger specific surface area. When the granule too large, the duration of the release was not prolonged. The final selection of the granulation diameter (D) was 8 mm. The study on three different kinds of concentration of PVA solution showed that PVA solution with the concentration of 4% was the best to be used as binder. The appropriate ratio between mixed powder and 4% PVA solution (w/w) was 1.1∶1. After comparing the release behavior of 29 formulas, 4 formulas were selected. They were listed as below. Formulation 1∶XG∶SA = 3∶1, the release in deionized water lasted about 2.5 days. Formulation 2: XG∶AS∶SA = 3∶1∶1, the release in deionized water lasted about 2.5 days. Formulation 3∶XG∶stearic acid∶SA = 1∶1∶1, the release in deionized water lasted about 3 days. Formulation 4: XG∶CS∶SA = 3∶1∶1, the release behavior lasted for 4 days in deionized water and up to 36 days in soil column.
    Conclusions In combination with the cost and the release effect, the selected formula is XG∶ CS∶ SA = 3∶1∶1 (the particle size of XG is 0.178 mm), D = 8 mm, 4% PVA. This obtained slow release system has the characteristics of low cost, simple production method and environment friendliness.

     

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