Abstract: The root morphology of plant could be significantly affected by the elevated atmospheric CO2, especially the roots length, diameter, biomass, turnover and spatial distribution, all of which would facilitate the plants to absorb more nutrients and water from the soil so as to adapt the elevated CO2 environment. However, there are still some shortages in this research area. For example, both the mechanisms regulating the elevated CO2-induced morphology change of roots and the dynamic changes of matter cycling and energy flow are hot disputed. This present paper summarizes the achievements of published researches in recent years about the effect of elevated CO2 and its interaction with environment elements on morphology change of root, so as to provide the theory for revealing the mechanism of elevated CO2 -induced morphology change of roots.