Abstract: In order to reveal feasibility of the regulation of Ca2+ on Fritillaria anhuiensis under high temperature stress, the effects of Ca2+ on physiological index and related photosynthesis were studied. Pot cultured Fritillaria anhuiensis leaves under the same outdoor conditions were sprayed with 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 mg/L CaCl2 separately, and then placed in the light incubator 35℃/25℃（day / night）, light intensity 3 600 lx, and sprayed with distilled water at 25℃ and under high temperature stress were set as the control. After treated for 3 days, related photosynthesis, relative conductivity, contents of proline and soluble protein, activities of SOD and POD were tested. The results show that the exogenous Ca2+ enhances the activities of SOD and POD, the contents of proline and soluble protein, and effectively reduces the damage of heat stress on cell membrance. At the same time, the exogenous Ca2+ increases the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, the efficiency of leaf photosynthesis. Conclusion: the foliage spraying CaCl2 could reduce the damage of high temperature stress on Fritillaria anhuiensis leaves.