• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
仇少君, 赵士诚, 苗建国, 徐新朋, 孙刚, 易琼, 王淳, 张文学, 何萍. 氮素运筹对两个晚稻品种产量及其主要构成因素的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6): 1326-1335. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2012.12145
引用本文: 仇少君, 赵士诚, 苗建国, 徐新朋, 孙刚, 易琼, 王淳, 张文学, 何萍. 氮素运筹对两个晚稻品种产量及其主要构成因素的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6): 1326-1335. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2012.12145
QIU Shao-jun, ZHAO Shi-cheng, MIAO Jian-guo, XU Xin-peng, SUN Gang, YI Qiong, WANG Chun, ZHANG Wen-xue, HE Ping. Effect of different N management practices on yield and its main formed factors in two laterseason rice genotypes[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2012, 18(6): 1326-1335. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2012.12145
Citation: QIU Shao-jun, ZHAO Shi-cheng, MIAO Jian-guo, XU Xin-peng, SUN Gang, YI Qiong, WANG Chun, ZHANG Wen-xue, HE Ping. Effect of different N management practices on yield and its main formed factors in two laterseason rice genotypes[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2012, 18(6): 1326-1335. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2012.12145

氮素运筹对两个晚稻品种产量及其主要构成因素的影响

Effect of different N management practices on yield and its main formed factors in two laterseason rice genotypes

  • 摘要: 本研究采用农民习惯施肥、实地氮素管理、实时氮素管理以及实时氮素管理基础上施用基肥,探讨了集约化农田不同氮素管理对水稻品种赣晚籼30(GWX)和博优141(BY)的产量及产量主要构成因素的影响。结果表明,与农民习惯施肥相比,不同氮素优化管理分别对水稻的产量、地上生物量、吸氮量、收获指数和氮收获指数以及穗数、每株实粒数没有显著影响。每个水稻品种的产量与生物量和吸氮量均呈极显著相关性(P0.01)。施用氮肥处理赣晚籼30平均产量为7.8 t/hm2,平均生物量为16.4 t/hm2,地上部平均吸氮量为N 175.6 kg/hm2,博优141的平均产量为8.9 t/hm2,生物量16.1 t/hm2,吸氮量N为 150.6 kg/hm2。氮肥施用后,博优141的产量、收获指数、氮收获指数、每株总粒数、实粒数显著高于赣晚籼30(P0.05),而博优141的吸氮量、结实率和千粒重都显著低于赣晚籼30(P0.05)。与农民习惯施肥相比,实时氮素管理节肥率最高,实地氮素管理节肥率最小; 基肥施用具有稳产作用。总之,在当前集约化农田管理中,适量减少氮肥施用并不会影响水稻产量及其主要构成因素,但氮肥减施的可持续性有待进一步研究。

     

    Abstract: The present study employed sitespecific nitrogen management (SSNM), realtime nitrogen management (RTNM) and RTNM plus basic fertilizer (RTNMB) to discuss the effect of optimum N management practices above on yield and its main formed factors between Var. Ganwanxian 30 (GWX) and Var. Boyou 141(BY) in the intensive laterseason rice agriculture. Comparing to farmers N management practice, the sitespecific nitrogen management and realtime nitrogen management and RTNM plus basic fertilizer didnt affect yield significantly, aboveground biomass, N uptake by aboveground, harvest index (HI) and N harvest index (NHI) in either genotype rice. The yield was significantly correlated with aboveground biomass and N uptake by aboveground (P0.01). In all N application treatments, the average of yield, aboveground biomass and N uptake was 7.8 t/ha, 16.4 t/ha, and 175.6 kg/ha for GWX and 8.9 t/ha, 16.1 t/ha, N 150.6 kg/ha for BY. After N application, the average of yield, HI, NHI, spikelets per plant and grain per plant of BY was significantly higher than those of GWX (P0.05), while N uptake by aboveground, seed setting rate and 1000 grain weight of BY was significantly lower than those of GWX (P0.05). Comparing with farmers N management practices, the saved N percentage in RTNM was largest and that in SSNM was lowest, the basic N fertilizer application can maintain the stable of high yield. In a word, under the current intensive agriculture, the yield cannot decrease if the N amount decreased from farmers excessive N rate to the optimum rate, but the sustainability in the decline of N fertilizer rate need further explore in the future.

     

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