Effects of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization on yield and quality of wheat

A field experiment was conducted under the super-high-yielding conditions to evaluate the effects of application of phosphorus fertilizer combined with nitrogen fertilizer on yield and quality of wheat cultivar, Jimai 22. The RVA, alveograph, consistograph and extensograph were used to determine the milling quality, pasting indices, dough rheological properties and baking quality indices of wheat. The results indicate that the grain bulk weight and percentage of flour both had a significant positive correlation with milling quality, peak viscosity and peak time have significant effects on the pasting indices, and the wet gluten content and SDS sedimentation have significant positive correlations with baking quality indices at the 0.05 or 0.01 levels. The yield and most of the quality indices are significant changed with the increase of N and P fertilizer applications. There are significant interaction effects between the N and P fertilizers on the yield and quality. The super high yield of the Jimai 22 is achieved under the applications of nitrogen at 300 kg/ha and phosphorus at 150 kg/ha, and as well as the high values of grain bulk weight, flour milling rate, wet gluten content, SDS sedimentation and dough stability time. These results indicate the amounts of the applied fertilizers are the best fertilization model for high quality and super high yield.