Objectives We studied the effect of nutrient absorption and utilization on yield and quality of potatoes under different cultivation technology in potato production.
Methods We collected 76 varieties (lines) of potato in Ningxia and 83 varieties (lines) in Gansu. Potato field trials were conducted in Guyuan City of Ningxia, and Dingxi City of Gansu with the collected potato cultivar (lines). The irrigation and fertilization in Ningxia were done by conventional method, while those of Gansu was done by drip fertigation system. At harvest, potato tuber yield and yield components were measured, potato quality and N, P and K content, soil organic matter and available nutrients were measured.
Results There was no significant difference in potato tuber yield between the two provinces. The potato yield was divided into three grades: <30 t/hm2 (low), 30−45 t/hm2 (medium), and >45 t/hm2 (high). Among the 76 varieties (lines) planted in Ningxia, 27.6%, 34.2% and 38.2% were the low, medium, and high yield values, respectively. Among the 83 varieties (lines) planted in Gansu, 15.7%, 49.4% and 34.9% were the low, medium, and high yield values, respectively. With the increasing yield of different potato varieties (lines), dry matter and starch contents showed an increasing trend, while protein content showed a decreasing trend. No matter the yield level and cultivars (lines), production of 1000 kg potato tuber yield requires N 2.9 kg, P 0.5 kg and K 4.0 kg. Yield, vitamin C and protein contents were positively correlated with N, P and K uptake, while starch and dry matter contents negatively correlated with N, P and K concentration.
Conclusions Higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient absorption could guarantee higher tuber yield and starch yield, and higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content could significantly improve the contents of vitamin C and protein in tuber. Therefore, nutrient should be managed in potato production according to nutrient uptake and utilization level.
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