• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S
刘思琴, 江美彦, 刘仁浪, 张宇柔, 侯凯, 冯冬菊, 徐东北, 郑全林, 吴卫. 黑曲霉ZJ-17配合有机肥和化肥施用对白芷生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(10): 1911-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2023115
引用本文: 刘思琴, 江美彦, 刘仁浪, 张宇柔, 侯凯, 冯冬菊, 徐东北, 郑全林, 吴卫. 黑曲霉ZJ-17配合有机肥和化肥施用对白芷生长、产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2023, 29(10): 1911-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2023115
LIU Si-qin, JIANG Mei-yan, LIU Ren-lang, ZHANG Yu-rou, HOU Kai, FENG Dong-ju, XU Dong-bei, ZHENG Quan-lin, WU Wei. Effects of Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 combined with organic and chemical fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2023, 29(10): 1911-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2023115
Citation: LIU Si-qin, JIANG Mei-yan, LIU Ren-lang, ZHANG Yu-rou, HOU Kai, FENG Dong-ju, XU Dong-bei, ZHENG Quan-lin, WU Wei. Effects of Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 combined with organic and chemical fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2023, 29(10): 1911-1922. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2023115

黑曲霉ZJ-17配合有机肥和化肥施用对白芷生长、产量和品质的影响

Effects of Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 combined with organic and chemical fertilizers on the growth, yield and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana

  • 摘要:
    目的 盲目施用化肥严重影响川白芷 (Angelica dahurica var. formosana)的产量和品质。研究白芷根际真菌配合有机无机肥施用的适宜用量,为白芷高产优质生产提供绿色施肥技术。
    方法 田间试验在四川遂宁进行,供试菌剂为从白芷根际分离筛选出的黑曲霉ZJ-17 (Aspergillus niger ZJ-17) 制成的微生物菌剂 (ZJ-17)。共设8个处理:半肥 (T1)、全肥 (T2)、半肥+种施ZJ-17 (T3)、半肥+ZJ-17灌根 (T4)、全肥+ZJ-17种施 (T5)、全肥+ZJ-17灌根 (T6),以不施肥 (T0)和全肥+种施市售黑曲霉 (有效活菌数≥100亿/g,T7)为对照。全肥量为油枯750 kg/hm2、尿素139.5 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙2193.8 kg/hm2、硫酸钾240 kg/hm2,半肥为上述各肥料施用量减半。菌液孢子含量3.0×108 CFU/mL,施用量30 L/hm2,每个小区0.06 L,种施菌剂在播种时均匀浇在种子表面,灌根在次年3月进行。播种后每两个月取一次植株样品,共取5次,用于测定白芷农艺性状、植株养分含量。于收获期测定白芷根部品质和产量,并采用荧光定量法调查各处理土壤黑曲霉定植情况。
    结果 种施菌剂有利于黑曲霉在土壤中定植,定植率显著优于菌剂灌根处理 (P<0.05),市售黑曲霉也能定植于土壤。与仅全肥 (T2)处理比,种施菌剂 (T5)处理显著提高了收获期白芷株高、根长和根粗,分别显著增加11.57%、10.85%和16.70% (P<0.05),根部产量和经济效益分别显著增加16.33%和19.94% (P<0.05),根部氮、磷和钾积累量分别显著增加37.73%、21.18%和28.75%,香豆素类成分积累量也显著增加 (P<0.05),且效果显著优于黑曲霉ZJ-17菌剂灌根 (T6)处理和市面购买黑曲霉 (T7)处理;半肥条件下,种施黑曲霉ZJ-17菌剂 (T3)使收获期白芷欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量分别显著增加9.82%和22.45% (P<0.05)。
    结论 常规有机肥和化肥用量下,种子表面浇施黑曲霉ZJ-17菌剂能显著促进白芷生长、养分吸收和香豆素类成分积累量,提高白芷产量和品质,提高经济效益。本实验室鉴定的黑曲霉ZJ-17菌株制备的菌剂效果显著好于市售菌剂,但采用生育中期 (3月)灌根的方法施用该菌剂的效果不明显。在半肥条件下,种施黑曲霉ZJ-17菌剂可显著提高白芷中的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量,但产量和经济效益低于全肥条件下种施黑曲霉ZJ-17菌剂处理。需进一步研究实际生产中保障产量且增加主要有效成分含量的肥料用量。

     

    Abstract:
    Objectives Unreasonable chemical fertilizer application impacts the yield and quality of Angelica dahurica var. formosana, a widely used Chinese medical herbs. We studied a green fertilization technology using the isolated rhizosphere fungi A. dahurica var. formosana with suitable chemical and organic fertilizers.
    Methods A field experiment was conducted in Suining, Sichuan Province. The tested microbial agent was prepared from Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 isolated from A. dahurica var. formosana rhizosphere. There were eight treatments in the experiment: half-fertilizer (T1), full-fertilizer (T2), half fertilizer+A. niger ZJ-17 seed application (T3), half fertilizer+A. niger ZJ-17 watering root (T4), full fertilizer+A. niger ZJ-17 seed application (T5), full fertilizer+A. niger ZJ-17 watering root (T6), no fertilizer (T0) and full fertilizer+commercial A. niger seed application (effective viable bacteria number≥10 billion/g, T7). Full fertilizer rate was composed of 750 kg/hm2 oil cake, 139.5 kg/hm2 urea, 2193.8 kg/hm2 superphosphate, 240 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate, and half fertilizer rate applied half amount of all the used fertilizers. The applying amount of the used microbial agent ( 3.0×108 CFU/mL) was 30 L/hm2, equaling to 0.06 L in each plot. Seed application was performed by pouring the microbial solution on the seed surface, and root irrigation by watering the microbial solution near the root soil in March of the next year. After seeding, plant samples were taken in frequency of every two months for determination of agronomic traits and plant nutrient content. At harvest, the quality and yield of A. dahurica var. formosana were analyzed, and the colonization of A. niger in soil was measured by fluorescence quantitative method.
    Results Seed application led to significantly higher colonization rate of A. niger than root application, commercial A. niger also colonized effectively in soil. Compared with T2, T5 treatment significantly increased plant height, root length and root diameter of A. dahurica var. formosana at harvest stage by 11.57%, 10.85% and 16.70% (P<0.05), the root yield and economic benefit by 16.33% and 19.94%, the accumulation of N, P and K in the underground part by 37.73%, 21.18% and 28.75%, increased the accumulation of total coumarins significantly. T5 also showed significantly higher promotion effect than T6 and T7 treatment. Under semi-fertilizer condition, T3 increased the contents of imperatorin and isoimperatorin of A. dahurica var. formosana at harvest stage by 9.82% and 22.45% (P<0.05), T5 did not show significant effect on them.
    Conclusions Under conventional fertilizer application rate (full fertilizer), seed applying A. niger ZJ-17 can significantly improve the growth index, yield and benefit of A. dahurica var. formosana. Root application does not have the promotion effects. Under half fertilizer rate, seed applying A. niger ZJ-17 improved the imperatorin and isoimperatorin content, but decreased yield and benefit of A. dahurica var. formosanathan. Therefore, the suitable fertilizer rate needs further researching in practical production of A. dahurica var. formosana.

     

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