Amelioration of aluminum toxicity on wheat plants grown in acid red soil by pig manure

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of pig manure and lime on the alleviation of Al toxicity in acid red soil Results showed that wheat grown in acid red soil were severely affected by Al toxicity Wheat seedlings had died by the time of harvest (about 30 days after germination) However, plant growth was improved by application of pig manure or lime which could increase soil pH, decrease the concentration of exchangable Al in soil Compared to single application of lime, application of both pig manure and lime could increase soil pH, decrease soil exchangable Al content, and increase wheat leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate Combined application of pig manure with lime decreased the contents of K, P and Mg in wheat shoot compared to the single application of pig manure