Abstract: Field experiment was conducted to study effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on yield and β-glucan content of naked oat (Avena nuda L.) seed in Minhe county, east part of Qinghai province. Qingyongjiu 887 (QYJ887) was used as the test caltivar. The effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus rate on seed yield components and production profit of naked oat were also analyzed. Results showed that, with the increase of N fertilization, spike number, seed number and seed weight per spike, 1000-seed-weight, yield of seed increased first and decreased afterwards; while they gradually increased with the increase of phosphorus fertilization. β-glucan content increased with the increase of N or P. Under the treatment of N 90 kg/ha and P2O5 90 kg/ha, all the seed yield indices reached to the highest, The highest β-glucan content was observed in N135 kg/ha and P2O5 90 kg/ha plot. Seed yield (Y kg/ha) could be estimated by the binary quadratic equation between seed yield and utilization of nitrogen (N, kg/ha) and phosphorus (P2O5 kg/ha) fertilizer.