• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S

氮水平对水稻植株氮素损失的影响

王巧兰, 吴礼树, 赵竹青, 赵林萍

王巧兰, 吴礼树, 赵竹青, 赵林萍. 氮水平对水稻植株氮素损失的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 14-19. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0103
引用本文: 王巧兰, 吴礼树, 赵竹青, 赵林萍. 氮水平对水稻植株氮素损失的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(1): 14-19. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0103
WANG Qiao-lan, WU Li-shu, ZHAO Zhu-qing, ZHAO Lin-ping. Effects of nitrogen rate on nitrogen loss from rice plant tissue[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 14-19. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0103
Citation: WANG Qiao-lan, WU Li-shu, ZHAO Zhu-qing, ZHAO Lin-ping. Effects of nitrogen rate on nitrogen loss from rice plant tissue[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2010, 16(1): 14-19. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2010.0103

氮水平对水稻植株氮素损失的影响

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目(30560066); 教育部重点项目(207086); 广西科学基金项目(0640020) 资助。

Effects of nitrogen rate on nitrogen loss from rice plant tissue

  • 摘要: 利用15N差值法,在溶液培养条件下研究了不同氮肥水平对水稻植株氮损失的影响,并就影响水稻氮损失的因素进行了分析。结果表明,对前期正常供氮的水稻幼苗做为期10 d的不同氮(N 0、40、80、160 mg/L)处理,水稻植株生物量未受显著影响,表明前期吸收氮可维持水稻生长。但是,随着供氮水平的提高,叶片及根的含氮量显著增加,而15N的丰度却显著下降,叶片15N的丰度显著高于根。说明高氮处理增加了水稻植株吸氮量并稀释了前期吸收的15N,而且根系累积的氮向地上部转移。缺氮(N 0 mg/L)与过量供氮(N 160 mg/L)均显著增加植株氮的损失率,而适量供氮(N 80 mg/L)则氮肥利用率显著提高。水稻的生长期显著影响植物氮的损失率,在N 80 mg/L的条件下,随着水稻生长期的延长,植株氮损失从11.6%增加到22.3%。同时,随着供氮水平的增加,叶片中NH+4-N含量和谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性均显著增加,叶片组织pH也随之增加。表明植物体内铵浓度增加而引起的氨挥发是导致植物氮损失增加的原因之一。
    Abstract: In this paper, 15N differential method was adopted to study the influences of nitrogen fertilizer levels on N loss from rice plant tissue, and the factors of affecting the N loss were analyzed. The N loss from rice tissue was studied by supplying different N rates (N 0, 40, 80 and 160 mg/L) for 10 d under solution culture. Before the treatments, the N was fed with 15N (abundance 10%), and then the 15N was substituted by normal N during the 10 d treatments. The results show that there are not significant changes in biomass for the 10 d treatments with application of different N rates, which indicates that the absorbed N at the previous stage is available to maintain the growth of rice plant for a period of time. N contents of leaves and root are increased with the increase of N levels, while the 15N abundances of leaves and root are decreased noticeably with the increase of N levels, and the 15N abundance of leaves is noticeably higher than that of root. Obviously, N absorption by plants is increased in the high N treatment, and the absorbed 15N at early stage is diluted, which indicates N is transferring from root to leaves. N deficiency (N 0 mg/L) and over N supply (N 160 mg/L) both increase N loss from plant noticeably, and appropriate N supply (N 80 mg/L) increases N utilization noticeably. The growth stages of rice affect N loss rates remarkably. Under the condition of N 80 mg/L, N loss from plant is increased from 11.6% to 22.3% with the increase of rice growth period. Meanwhile, NH+4-N contents, and GOT activities are increased with the increase of N amount, and pH values of rice leaves are also increased. These results indicate that N use efficiency N is decreased due to the N loss from rice tissue, and ammonia volatilization may be one of the reasons for the N loss.
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  • 收稿日期:  2008-11-26
  • 刊出日期:  2010-01-24

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