不同施肥模式对南方黄泥田耕层有机碳固存及生产力的影响

王飞; 李清华; 林诚; 钟少杰; 何春梅; 刘玉洁

doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0609

不同施肥模式对南方黄泥田耕层有机碳固存及生产力的影响

福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州 350013

基金项目:

公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203030); 省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2015121022-5)资助

详细信息

作者简介:
王飞(1976—),男,福建福州人,副研究员,主要从事土壤资源评价与持续利用研究。E-mail: fjwangfei@163.com

中图分类号: S158.3;S156.6
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- 收稿日期: 2015-12-14
- 修回日期: 2015-12-14
- 刊出日期: 2015-11-24

Effect of different fertilization modes on topsoil organic carbon sequestration and productivity in yellow paddy field of southern China

Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨南方丘陵黄泥田不同施肥对耕层土壤有机碳固存及生产力的影响,促进区域农田固碳减排和作物高产。方法基于32年的长期定位试验,研究不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、化肥+牛粪(NPKM)、化肥+全部稻草还田(NPKS)处理下,历年水稻产量、代表性年份耕层土壤有机碳含量及固碳速率的变化。结果 NPK、 NPKM、 NPKS处理下水稻历年平均产量分别较CK高67.1%、 88.1%和84.2%,差异显著,且NPKM、 NPKS处理与NPK处理间亦具有显著差异。NPK、 NPKM与NPKS处理耕层土壤有机碳历年平均含量比CK高8.9%~36.8%,其中NPKM最高且亦显著高于NPKS与NPK处理。与初始土壤相比,各处理有机碳含量增加1.84~5.26 g/kg。以每10年为评价周期,NPKM、 NPKS处理的固碳速率与CK及NPK差异均显著,其中双季稻年份NPKM与NPKS处理固碳速率分别是CK的2.38倍和1.98倍,是NPK处理的1.59倍与1.32倍,但NPK处理与CK间差异不显著。稻田系统年均有机碳输入与有机碳固存间存在极显著幂函数关系,施肥土壤有机碳含量变化与籽粒产量变化间亦呈极显著正相关。结论南方黄泥田化肥配施有机肥或配合秸秆还田较单施化肥稳步提升水稻产量。长期不施肥土壤有机碳仍可维持低幅度增长,随着土壤有机碳含量升高,固碳效率逐步降低。化肥配施有机肥或配合秸秆还田较单施化肥明显提高了土壤的固碳速率,二者均是提高黄泥田生产力与固碳能力的双赢措施。
- 黄泥田 /
- 土壤有机碳 /
- 固碳速率 /
- 施肥 /
- 产量
Abstract: 【Objectives】 The objective of this study was to explore effects of different fertilization on topsoil organic carbon sequestration and productivity in a yellow paddy field of southern China, fix carbon and reduce carbon emission, and improve the rice yield as well. 【Methods】 Data were collected from the thirty second year of a long-term experiment in the yellow paddy field in Fujian Province. There were four fertilization treatments in the long-term field experiment: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), chemical fertilizer plus cattle manure (NPKM) and chemical fertilizer plus straw (NPKS). We investigated influences of different fertilization regimes on topsoil organic carbon sequestration and productivity. 【Results】 Compared with the CK, the average yields of rice grain in the treatments of NPK, NPKM and NPKS were significantly increased by 67.1%, 88.1% and 84.2%, respectively, and the average yields in NPKM and NPKS were significantly higher than that in NPK. Among the fertilization treatments, the contents of top soil organic carbon were improved by 8.9%-36.8% and the content of the NPKM treatment was significantly higher than those of the NPKS and NPK treatments. Compared to the initial soil condition, the organic carbon contents in all treatments were improved by 1.84-5.26 g/kg. Taking every 10 years as the assessing period, there were significant differences of the carbon sequestration rates between the NPKM and NPKS treatments and the CK and NPK treatments, and the rates in the NPKM and NPKS treatments were 2.38 and 1.98 times of that of the CK treatment and 1.59 and 1.32 times of that of the NPK treatment during the double cropping rice years, respectively, while there was no significant difference between the NPK treatment and the CK treatment. There was a vary significant power function relationship between the annual organic carbon input and carbon sequestration in the paddy field ecosystem. The contents of fertilizing soil organic carbon were also very significantly correlated to the yields of rice grain.【Conclusions】 Compared with the single chemical fertilizer, the chemical fertilizer plus cattle manure or straw can steadily increase rice yield. The soil organic carbon will be maintained a slightly increase under the long-term no fertilizer. The soil organic carbon sequestration efficiency is gradually reduced with the increase of soil organic carbon content. Compared with the single chemical fertilizer, the chemical fertilizer plus cattle manure or straw has obvious priority in increasing the organic carbon sequestration rate, which is a win-win measure of improving the yellow paddy field productivity and fixing carbon.
- yellow paddy field /
- organic carbon /
- carbon sequestration rate /
- fertilization /
- yield

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不同施肥模式对南方黄泥田耕层有机碳固存及生产力的影响

作者简介: 王飞(1976—),男,福建福州人,副研究员,主要从事土壤资源评价与持续利用研究。E-mail: fjwangfei@163.com

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Effect of different fertilization modes on topsoil organic carbon sequestration and productivity in yellow paddy field of southern China

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作者简介:
王飞(1976—),男,福建福州人,副研究员,主要从事土壤资源评价与持续利用研究。E-mail: fjwangfei@163.com