Abstract: Temperature is a crucial factor that influences the growth and development of crops. Developing temperature-sensitive slow/controlled-release fertilizers could better synchronize the release of nutrient with crop nutrient requirements, thereby enhance fertilizer utilization efficiency. We reviewed the sources, types, and mechanisms of common thermosensitive polymer materials such as polyamides, polyether, polyester, polysaccharides, and thermosensitive polyurethane and so on. We also reviewed the research progress of common thermosensitive polymer materials such as poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer (EO/PO), methylcellulose, and thermosensitive polyurethane as temperature-responsive coatings for thermosensitive controlled-release fertilizer. The feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of these materials in thermosensitive controlled-release fertilizer applications were discussed detailedly. Based on the temperature-responsive properties of polymer materials, the current slow/controlled-release fertilizers are categorized into two groups: low critical solution temperature sensitive (LCST) and crystalline melting transition temperature (Tm)/glass transition temperature (Tg) sensitive slow/controlled-release fertilizers. The preparation methods, thermal properties, nutrient release performance, and molecular mechanisms of these two types are comprehensively reviewed in this study. Generally speaking, the research and development of thermosensitive controlled-release fertilizers are still in their infancy. The recent researches should be focused on the fundamental research and innovation of natural high molecular weight thermosensitive materials, screen green and biodegradable thermosensitive polyurethane materials, and the develop thermosensitive controlled-release fertilizers specified to crops and regions.