• ISSN 1008-505X
  • CN 11-3996/S

滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响

李若楠, 武雪萍, 张彦才, 王丽英, 李孝兰, 陈丽莉, 翟凤芝

李若楠, 武雪萍, 张彦才, 王丽英, 李孝兰, 陈丽莉, 翟凤芝. 滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(6): 1642-1651. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0632
引用本文: 李若楠, 武雪萍, 张彦才, 王丽英, 李孝兰, 陈丽莉, 翟凤芝. 滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(6): 1642-1651. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0632
shu
LI Ruo-nan, WU Xue-ping, ZHANG Yan-cai, WANG Li-ying, LI Xiao-lan, CHEN Li-li, ZHAI Feng-zhi. Nitrate nitrogen contents and quality of greenhouse soil applied with different N rates under drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(6): 1642-1651. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0632
Citation: LI Ruo-nan, WU Xue-ping, ZHANG Yan-cai, WANG Li-ying, LI Xiao-lan, CHEN Li-li, ZHAI Feng-zhi. Nitrate nitrogen contents and quality of greenhouse soil applied with different N rates under drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(6): 1642-1651. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0632
shu

滴灌氮肥用量对设施菜地硝态氮含量及环境质量的影响

  • 1.

    中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,耕地培育技术国家工程实验室,北京 100081;

  • 2.

    河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,石家庄 050051;

  • 3.

    河北黄骅市农业局土肥站,黄骅 061100

基金项目: 

国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD22B03); 863课题(2013AA102901); 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203077); 河北省农林科学院科学技术研究与发展计划项目(A2015130101)资助

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李若楠(1981—),女,河北冀县人,硕士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事蔬菜营养与施肥技术研究。E-mail: liruonan2004@163.com 张彦才与第一作者同等贡献。 *通信作者E-mail: wuxueping@caas.cn

    李若楠(1981—),女,河北冀县人,硕士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事蔬菜营养与施肥技术研究。E-mail: liruonan2004@163.com 张彦才与第一作者同等贡献。 *通信作者E-mail: wuxueping@caas.cn

  • 中图分类号: S625.5+4

Nitrate nitrogen contents and quality of greenhouse soil applied with different N rates under drip irrigation

  • 1.

    Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land,Beijing 100081,China;

  • 2.

    Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;

  • 3.

    Huanghua Soil and Fertilizer Technology Guidance Station,Huanghua,Hebei 061100,China

摘要

    摘要
  • 摘要: 目的 滴灌施肥较传统施肥更为精准的将肥水输送至作物的根区,减少肥料的用量,降低土壤水分和养分深层渗漏带来的环境风险。本试验研究滴灌管理下不同氮肥(N)用量对设施菜地供氮能力及环境质量的影响,以期获得滴灌水肥一体化管理条件下最佳施氮用量。方法 采用日光温室冬春茬黄瓜-秋冬茬番茄轮作,共设计4个化肥氮用量梯度(N0、 N1、 N2、 N3,对应冬春茬黄瓜季施氮 0、 300、 600、 900 kg/hm2; 秋冬茬番茄季施氮 0、 225、 450、 675 kg/hm2),3年定位研究比较不同氮用量下0100 cm土体硝态氮、 电导率(EC5∶1)、 pH动态变化,计算了各施氮水平下设施蔬菜生产的氮素表观平衡、 氮肥利用率和经济效益。结果 随着种植年限的延长,N2和N3处理0100 cm土体硝态氮和盐分积累显著,土壤硝态氮含量分别由2008年黄瓜季季平均14.4~31.1和14.9~41.0 mg/kg增至2010年番茄季季均76.4~119.8和129.0~184.5 mg/kg,分别增加了1.9~5.1和3.5~7.7倍; 两处理EC5∶1分别由2008年黄瓜季季平均379.6~514.3和407.0~476.7 S/cm增至2010年番茄季季平均663.0~1212.4和710.0~1359.6 S/cm,分别增加了0.3~1.8和0.5~2.0倍。与N2和N3处理相比,N1处理节氮50%~66.7%,经过三年的种植0100 cm土层季均硝态氮含量和EC5∶1分别下降了35.5%~67.4%和6.0%~25.2%,pH增加0.06~0.18,氮肥利用率显著增加9.0~13.8个百分点,而种植蔬菜的经济效益未有显著下降。结论 温室滴灌冬春茬黄瓜-秋冬茬番茄经济施氮量分别为N 300和225 kg/hm2,既能保证3年5季蔬菜根层(060 cm)土层硝态氮处于相对适宜水平,具有较好的经济和环境效益。
    Abstract: 【Objectives】 Drip irrigation could effectively inhibit nutrient leakage as water and nutrients can be accurately sent to close the crop root zone. In this paper, the soil mineral N contents and environmental qualities were detected under different N rates and drip irrigation, to provide a base for efficient N management in vegetable production. 【Methods】 A three-years' feild experiment was conducted with winter-spring cucumber and autumn-winter tomato double cropping system in a greenhouse. Four N rates were applied as 0, 300, 600, 900 kg/hm2 for cucumber and 0, 225, 450, 675 kg/hm2 for tomato under drip irrigation (correspondingly recorded as N0, N1, N2, N3). The mineral nitrogen contents, salinity (EC5∶1) and acidity (pH) of 0-100 cm soil depth were investigated, and the economic and environmental efficiencies of N were calculated.【Results】 As the elongation of the cropping year, the NO3--N contents under N2 and N3 treatments in 0-100 cm soil profile were significantly increased from 14.4-31.1 and 14.9-41.0 mg/kg in cucumber season in 2008, respectively, to 76.4-119.8 and 129.0-184.5 mg/kg in tomato season in 2010, respectively, increased by 0.3-1.8 and 0.5-2.0 times respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC5∶1) of 0-100 cm soil profile under N2 and N3 was significantly increased from 379.6-514.3 and 407.0-476.7 S/cm, respectively, to 663.0-1212.4 and 710.0-1359.6 S/cm of tomato season in 2010, respectively, increased by 0.3-1.8 and 0.5-2.0 times. The N rates in N1 was 33.3%-50% of N2 and N3. Compared with N2 and N3, the NO3--N content and EC5∶1 of N1 decreased by 35.5%-67.4% and 6.0%-25.2% after three years cultivation, and the pH and NUE increased by 0.06-0.18 unit and 9.0-13.8 percentage points.【Conclusions】 Under this condition, the proper N rate for winter-spring cucumber and autumn-winter tomato was recommend as N 300 and 225 kg/hm2. In most crop seasons (5 seasons), the NO3--N contents in 0-60 cm depth were in the proper range for cucumber and tomato growth, and no significant accumulation of NO3--N was observed below 60 cm in the soil under this recommended N rate.
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2015-12-14
  • 修回日期:  2015-12-14
  • 刊出日期:  2015-11-24

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