Effects of calcium chloride on winter wheat yield and uptake of Ca and Zn in calcareous soil

GAO Ya-jie; WANG Zhao-hui; WANG Sen; JIN Jing-jing; CAO Han-bing; DAI Jian; YU Rong

doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0319

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers > 2015 > 21(3): 719-726. > DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0319

GAO Ya-jie, WANG Zhao-hui, WANG Sen, JIN Jing-jing, CAO Han-bing, DAI Jian, YU Rong. Effects of calcium chloride on winter wheat yield and uptake of Ca and Zn in calcareous soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015, 21(3): 719-726. DOI: 10.11674/zwyf.2015.0319

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Effects of calcium chloride on winter wheat yield and uptake of Ca and Zn in calcareous soil

1.
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture/College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;
2.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China

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Received Date: March 09, 2014
Revised Date: June 25, 2015

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Abstract

Abstract

【Objective】 The accumulation of calcium carbonate and higher pH in calcareous soil restrict the absorption of zinc(Zn) in wheat in northern China. However, because of highly exchangeable Ca contents in the calcareous soil, the research on crop calcium and zinc nutrition as well as their interaction usually was overlooked in this area. Therefore, a pot trial was carried out to investigate the effects of CaCl2 on winter wheat growth, the uptake and utilization of Ca and Zn, and to explore the interaction between Ca and Zn in winter wheat. 【Methods】 The collected calcareous soil of 0-20 cm layer topsoil at the Experimental Station One at Northwest AF University was used to cultivate winter wheat. The experiment with five treatments was designed by a randomized complete block design by four replications. The treatments included five Ca rates of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg soil, based on the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at N 0.3 g/kg, P2O5 0.2 g/kg and K2O 0.3 g/kg, respectively. A widely used local winter wheat cultivar of Xiaoyan 22 was used, and sowed on October 15 in 2010, and as basal application, all the fertilizers were completely mixed with the soil before sowing. Plant samples were collected at maturity stage to determine the dry weights of straw, glumes and grain of winter wheat, concentrations of calcium and zinc in these different tissues or organs, soil pH, soil exchangeable Ca and available Zn concentrations, and the uptake and harvest index of Ca and Zn by plants were evaluated. Data analysis was performed using Excel software, and analysis of variance was performed by DPS software. 【Results】 Data showed that grain yield and aboveground biomass of winter wheat increased with the application of CaCl2. The aboveground biomass in the treatments with supply ofCa 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg significantly increased by 9.8% to 17.5%, and the grain yield in the treatments with supply of Ca 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg respectively increased by 10.7% and 22.7% relative to the control. Application of CaCl2 significantly increased Ca concentration by 53% and 68% in wheat straw, respectively, when application rates were Ca 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg, and by 34%, 36% and 51% in glume, respectively when the rates of Ca 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg were supplied compared to the control treatment. However, the Ca concentration in grain was not significantly changed. Total uptake of Ca increased significantly by 38.6% to 91.4% because of the increase in CaCl2 application rates. The concentration of Zn in grains was significantly increased from 33.7 mg/kg in control to 42.0 and 41.6 mg/kg in the treatment with supply of Ca 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg, respectively. Total Zn uptake was also found to be significantly increased with an increase in CaCl2 application rates, and was 47.0% higher in the treatment with supply of Ca 1.2 g/kg than that in the control. Application of CaCl2 showed no obvious effects on the exchangeable Ca and available Zn in the soil at harvest stage, but the soil pH respectively decreased from 8.16 to 7.93 and 7.97 in the treatments with supply of Ca 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg compared to the control treatment. 【Conclusions】 Appropriate application of CaCl2 in calcareous soil significantly increased the aboveground biomass and grain yield of winter wheat under pot experimental condition. Total Ca uptake significantly increased with the increase of CaCl2 rates, whereas, the Ca concentration in grains was not affected. Application of CaCl2 significantly decreased the soil pH at harvest stage, and simultaneously promoted Zn uptake and transportation in winter wheat, indicating that this study provides an useful information for the understanding on the mechanism of zinc activation and exploration in promoting the absorption and utilization of Zn by crops under calcareous soil condition.
- winter wheat,
- zinc,
- calcium,
- calcareous soil

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Effects of calcium chloride on winter wheat yield and uptake of Ca and Zn in calcareous soil

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